Schirmer tear test I and rebound tonometry findings in healthy calves

Abstract

This study reports normal data for the STT I and rebound tonometry in calves. This data may be useful in complete ophthalmic examinations of cattle, guiding diagnosis of glaucoma, uveitis, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. However, results of these diagnostic modalities must be interpreted in light of clinical signs, given the wide range of normal values obtained in this study.

Measurement of intraocular pressure in clinically normal Turkish Shepherd Dogs with the rebound tonometer (TonoVet®) and the applanation tonometer (Tono-Pen Vet®)

“…Schiotz tonometer), applanation (e.g. pneumatograph, Goldmann, Mackay-Marg, Tono-Pen) and rebound (TonoVet ® , TonoLab ® ) have been developed (35). Nowadays, applanation and rebound tonometers are widely used.…”

“…A popular rebound tonometer is TonoVet ® (ICare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) (32) featuring different calibration modes (‚h' mode for horses, ‚d' for cats, and ‚p' for dogs) that facilitate species-specific IOP measurements in animals (30). This technique is becoming very popular among veterinary ophthalmologists because it provides quick and accurate measurements, is easy to use and does not require topical anesthesia before application (35).…”

“…Tono-Pen Vet ® (Reichert Inc., Depew, NY, USA) is an applanation tonometer widely used in veterinary ophthalmology (32). In rebound tonometry, a magnetic probe contacts the corneal surface and measures IOP (35). A popular rebound tonometer is TonoVet ® (ICare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) (32) featuring different calibration modes (‚h' mode for horses, ‚d' for cats, and ‚p' for dogs) that facilitate species-specific IOP measurements in animals (30).…”

Congenital lacrimal fistula in two prim'Holstein calves

“…Examination of the anterior segment by slit lamp biomicroscopy and fundus by indirect ophthalmoscopy (Omega 500, Heine, Ettenheim, Germany) was unremarkable. Schirmer tear test values and intraocular pressures measured by rebound tonometry (Tonovet, Icare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) were within the normal limits for cattle …”

“…Schirmer tear test values and intraocular pressures measured by rebound tonometry (Tonovet, Icare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) were within the normal limits for cattle. 4 Topical fluorescein application did not cause any lacrimal lake overflow, suggesting a patent NLD. This was confirmed by the fluorescein staining visible at the ipsilateral nostril within 1-2 minutes after instillation (positive Jones test 1) for all of the affected eyes, although the transit time seemed slower compared to the unaffected right eye of the second calf.…”