Schistosomiasis

Sailer, Anne; McDermott, Edward; Kearns, Ciléin

doi:10.1148/rg.220193

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…In endemic areas, individuals may be repeatedly exposed to schistosomes from childhood or even fetal stages [1,2], leading to chronic infections [3]. Such prolonged chronic infections can result in a range of complications, leading to irreversible damage to the gastrointestinal and urinary systems, as well as an increased risk of developing malignant tumors [4][5][6]. Additionally, schistosomiasis related anemia could lead to pregnant women getting negative reproduce outcome, such as low birth weight and premature birth in infants [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis in Humans, 1990-2041: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study and Predictions by Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

Li,

Guo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundAs the deadline for eliminating schistosomiasis approaches, more targeted and effective interventions should be proposed. We aimed to understand the burden among various gender, ages, countries, and continents and to analyze the trends in the burden of schistosomiasis from 1990 to 2041.MethodsThis study utilizes data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 to analyze the schistosomiasis burden trends from 1990 to 2021, including age-standardized rates of prevalence, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and death of different genders, ages, and regions. Data of schistosomiasis related anemia was also extracted and analyzed. Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) models were used to assess and project the age standardized rates of prevalence, DALYs and death till 2041.ResultsGlobally, the age-standardized rates of prevalence, DALYs, and death of schistosomiasis all present a declining trend. Individuals aged 15 to 29 years old present the highest age-standardized rates of prevalence and DALYs. The burden of schistosomiasis varies inversely with socio-economic development. The Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) rate for schistosomiasis-related anemia increases with the burden of schistosomiasis. The age-standardized rates of prevalence, DALYs, and death might tend to decline until 2041 in the world, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.ConclusionsThe burden of schistosomiasis is clustered in the 15 to 29 age group, which represents the strongest labor force. Additionally, reproductive-aged women also experience a significant disease burden. Targeted interventions including preventive chemotherapy, health behavior change, and communications should be proposed and covered this risk population.Author summarySchistosomiasis primarily affects more than 200 million people in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. To achieve the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2030 target of eliminating schistosomiasis as a public health problem globally, understanding the distribution of schistosomiasis burden is crucial. In this study, we employed data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to analyze the burden of schistosomiasis across different regions, countries, genders, and age groups. Our analysis reveals that both the age standardized rates of prevalence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of schistosomiasis reach the peak among individuals aged 15-29 years, who represent the highest potential for labor force participation and reproduction. The disease burden increases with the decline of Socio-demographic Index (SDI). However, countries with higher levels of healthcare level exhibit lower schistosomiasis-related anemia Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) rates. Most endemic areas in Asia and the Americas are supposed to achieve the target of schistosomiasis elimination before 2030, but Africa faces challenges in meeting it. Therefore, we advised endemic countries with lower SDIs to implement targeted interventions for the 15 to 29 age group. Meanwhile, improving healthcare level also be important to decrease the impact of schistosomiasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis in Humans, 1990-2041: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study and Predictions by Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

Li,

Guo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The impact of ICOSL/ICOS pathway-regulated long non-coding RNAs on liver fibrosis in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum

Huang,

Xu,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background The primary pathogenic mechanism of schistosomiasis-associated liver fibrosis involves the deposition of schistosome eggs, leading to the formation of liver egg granulomas and subsequent liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells are abnormally activated, resulting in excessive collagen deposition and fibrosis development. While specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been associated with fibrotic processes, their roles in schistosomiasis-associated liver fibrosis remain unclear. Methods Our previous research indicated that downregulating the ICOSL/ICOS could partially alleviate liver fibrosis. In this study, we established a schistosomiasis infection model in C57BL/6 and ICOSL knockout (KO) mice, and the liver pathology changes were observed at various weeks postinfection (wpi) using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining. Within the first 4 wpi, no significant liver abnormalities were observed. However, mice exhibited evident egg granulomas and fibrosis in their livers at 7 wpi. Notably, ICOSL-KO mice had significantly smaller pathological variations compared with simultaneously infected C57BL/6 mice. To investigate the impact of lncRNAs on schistosomiasis-associated liver fibrosis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to monitor the dynamic changes of lncRNAs in hepatic stellate cells of infected mice. Results The results demonstrated that lncRNA-H19, -MALAT1, -PVT1, -P21 and -GAS5 all participated in liver fibrosis formation after schistosome infection. In addition, ICOSL-KO mice exhibited significantly inhibited expression of lncRNA-H19, -MALAT1 and -PVT1 after 7 wpi. In contrast, they showed enhanced expression of lncRNA-P21 and -GAS5 compared with C57BL/6 mice, influencing liver fibrosis development. Furthermore, small interfering RNA transfection (siRNA) in JS-1 cells in vitro confirmed that lncRNA-H19, -MALAT1, and -PVT1 promoted liver fibrosis, whereas lncRNA-P21 and -GAS5 had the opposite effect on key fibrotic molecules, including α- smooth muscle actin and collagen I expression. Conclusions This study uncovers that ICOSL/ICOS may play a role in activating hepatic stellate cells and promoting liver fibrosis in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum by dynamically regulating the expression of specific lncRNAs. These findings offer potential therapeutic targets for schistosomiasis-associated liver fibrosis. Graphical Abstract

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Schistosomiasis

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Schistosomiasis in Humans, 1990-2041: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study and Predictions by Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

Schistosomiasis in Humans, 1990-2041: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study and Predictions by Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

The impact of ICOSL/ICOS pathway-regulated long non-coding RNAs on liver fibrosis in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum

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