Schmücke hill cap cloud and valley stations aerosol characterisation during FEBUKO (II): Organic compounds

Pinxteren, Dominik van; Plewka, A.; Hofmann, Diana; Müller, Konrad; Kramberger, H.; Svrcina, B.; Bächmann, K.; Jaeschke, W.; Mertes, Stephan; Collett, Jeffrey L.; Herrmann, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.02.014

Cited by 122 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…They also can represent a source, for example through the transformation of succinate into fumarate, and of lactate into pyruvate. All those compounds can be found in relatively large concentrations in cloud water (Puxbaum et al, 1988;Grosjean et al, 1989;Granby et al, 1997;Suzuki et al, 1998;Löflund et al, 2002;Marinoni et al, 2004;Van Pinxteren et al, 2005). Their results also indicate preferential metabolic routes for some microbial groups.…”

Section: Influence Of Airborne Micro-organisms On Cloud Chemistry Andmentioning

confidence: 71%

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: chemical interactions of primary biological aerosols

et al. 2008

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Abstract. This paper discusses the influence of primary biological aerosols (PBA) on atmospheric chemistry and vice versa through microbiological and chemical properties and processes. Several studies have shown that PBA represent a significant fraction of air particulate matter and hence affect the microstructure and water uptake of aerosol particles. Moreover, airborne micro-organisms, namely fungal spores and bacteria, can transform chemical constituents of the atmosphere by metabolic activity. Recent studies have emphasized the viability of bacteria and metabolic degradation of organic substances in cloud water. On the other hand, the viability and metabolic activity of airborne micro-organisms depend strongly on physical and chemical atmospheric parameters such as temperature, pressure, radiation, pH value and nutrient concentrations. In spite of recent advances, however, our knowledge of the microbiological and chemical interactions of PBA in the atmosphere is rather limited. Further targeted investigations combining laboratory experiments, field measurements, and modelling studies will be required to characterize the chemical feedbacks, microbiological activities at the air/snow/water interface supplied to the atmosphere.

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Section: Influence Of Airborne Micro-organisms On Cloud Chemistry Andmentioning

confidence: 71%

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: chemical interactions of primary biological aerosols

et al. 2008

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“…This idea has recently gained some strength, as van Pinxteren et al (2005) and Li et al (2008) measured acetaldehyde and other carbonyls in cloud droplets and in the gas phase and concluded from the unexpectedly high concentrations that their carbonyl signals may have been caused by the dissociation of precursors, when the chemical properties of the solution was changed for analysis.…”

Section: Incorporation Of Acetaldehyde In Organic Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetaldehyde in the Alaskan subarctic snowpack

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Acetaldehyde is a reactive intermediate in hydrocarbon oxidation. It is both emitted and taken up by snowpacks and photochemical and physical processes are probably involved. Understanding the reactivity of acetaldehyde in snow and its processes of physical and chemical exchanges requires the knowledge of its incorporation mechanism in snow crystals. We have performed a season-long study of the evolution of acetaldehyde concentrations in the subarctic snowpack near Fairbanks (65 • N), central Alaska, which is subjected to a vigorous metamorphism due to persistent elevated temperature gradients in the snowpack, between 20 and 200 • C m −1 . The snowpack therefore almost entirely transforms into depth hoar. We have also analyzed acetaldehyde in a manipulated snowpack where temperature gradients were suppressed. Snow crystals there transformed much more slowly and their original shapes remained recognizable for months. The specific surface area of snow layers in both types of snowpacks was also measured. We deduce that acetaldehyde is not adsorbed onto the surface of snow crystals and that most of the acetaldehyde is probably not dissolved in the ice lattice of the snow crystals. We propose that most of the acetaldehyde measured is either trapped or dissolved within organic aerosol particles trapped in snow, or that acetaldehyde is formed by the hydrolysis of organic precursors contained in organic aerosols trapped in the snow, when the snow is melted for analysis. These precursors are probably aldehyde polymers formed within the aerosol particles by Correspondence to: F. Domine (florent@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr) acid catalysis, but might also be biological molecules. In a laboratory experiment, acetaldehyde-di-n-hexyl acetal, representing a potential acetaldehyde precursor, was subjected to our analytical procedure and reacted to form acetaldehyde. This confirms our suggestion that acetaldehyde detected in snow could be produced during the melting of snow for analysis.

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“…Organic compounds are present in all the compartments of the atmosphere, the gaseous and particulate phases (Chameides and Davis, 1983;Puxbaum et al, 1988;Grosjean, 1989;Kumar et al, 1996;Sellegri et al, 2003), rain water (Kieber et al, 1999;Kawamura et al, 2001) and also in cloud water on which we focus in this paper (Voisin et al, 2000;Fuzzi et al, 2002;van Pinxteren et al, 2005;Parazols et al, 2006). Carboxylic acids, originating from both anthropogenic and biogenic sources, predominate and represent between 10% and more than 70% of the total dissolved organic carbon contained in cloud water Marinoni et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fate for organic acids, formaldehyde and methanol in cloud water: their biotransformation by micro-organisms

et al. 2007

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Abstract.The interactions between microbial and chemical contents of cloud water were investigated. First, we observe that the bulk cloud water solution provides a substantial environment where bacteria can develop significantly. Then, a total number of 60 microbial strains originating from seven distinct samples of cloud water and affiliated to various taxonomic groups were examined for their ability to degrade some of the main atmospheric carboxylic compounds: formate, acetate, lactate, succinate, as well as formaldehyde and methanol. Biodegradation tests show that all these compounds can be transformed when used as single carbonaceous substrates, with activities depending on both the strain and the compound. The highest capacities of biodegradation are observed towards formaldehyde, formate and acetate, which are also the more concentrated compounds typically measured in cloud water. Hence, analyses by 1 H NMR permitted to establish for instance that compounds like pyruvate or fumarate can be produced and released in the media in relation to the transformation of lactate or succinate. In addition, utilization of 13 C labelled formaldehyde showed that it can be transformed through many metabolic pathways, similar to those induced by photochemistry and leading to the production of formate and/or methanol. These results suggest that microorganisms of cloud water can have various behaviours towards the chemical compounds present in the atmosphere: they can represent either a sink or source for organic carbon, and may have to be considered as actors of cloud chemistry.Correspondence to: A.-M. Delort

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Schmücke hill cap cloud and valley stations aerosol characterisation during FEBUKO (II): Organic compounds

Cited by 122 publications

References 42 publications

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: chemical interactions of primary biological aerosols

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: chemical interactions of primary biological aerosols

Acetaldehyde in the Alaskan subarctic snowpack

A fate for organic acids, formaldehyde and methanol in cloud water: their biotransformation by micro-organisms

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