Scientific basis and technologies of anthracite replacement at thermal power plants

Abstract

Purpose. The development and implementation of technologies for partial and total replacement of anthracite by domestic bituminous coal and fuel mixtures at thermal power plants of Ukraine. Methodology. Theoretical and experimental studies on the processes of combustion of coal and solid fuel biomass in the pulver ized coal flame. Industrial tests at TPPs and CHPPs. findings. Technical solutions in conditions of termination of Donetsk anthracite for combusting nondesigned fuels and fuel mixtures at 7 thermal power plants are developed. Four anthracite boilers at two thermal power plants have been converted to gas coal and got a new start, while four combined heat and power plants are being converted to such fuels. originality. Determination of kinetic characteristics of pyrolysis and combustion of coal of different metamorphism rank, of coal mixtures and solid fuel biomass, improvement of methods for calculation of the dynamics of coal and fuel mixtures combus tion in conditions of pulverized coal flame, of methods for estimation and regulation of pulverized coal inclination to spontaneous ignition and explosion. Practical value. The findings of this study have solved the strategic problem of uninterrupted energy and heat supply from TPPs and CHPPs of Ukraine in crisis conditions of interruption of Donetsk anthracite supplies due to the war actions in the East, the problem of conversion of anthracite power units to bituminous coal of domestic production with the improvement of technical, economic and environmental indicators, expanded the fuel base of TPPs which work on anthracite, and identified the ways to ef ficient use of Donetsk anthracite after Donbass reintegration. The technical solutions developed have significant prospects for further implementation.

Проблеми Й Технології Термічної Переробки Палив В Енергетичних Установках Теплових Електростанцій

“…Впровадження наших розробок дозволило замістити донецький антрацит і на практиці довело можливість диверсифікації паливної бази електростанцій завдяки використанню імпортного вугілля [9,10].…”

“…У 2016-2019 рр. суміші використовували як основне паливо на Зміївській, Криворізькій, Слов'янській ТЕС, що дало змогу зменшити недопал, розширити діапазон регулювання навантаження енергоблоків [9,11,12]. У 2017 р., ґрунтуючись на наших технічних рішеннях, на Миронівській ТЕЦ було переведено на газове вугілля два антрацитових котлоагрегати по 220 т пари на годину без зміни складу обладнання.…”

Experimental development of approaches to reduce the slagging and corrosive activity of salty coal

“…In the grades classification this fuel is defined as long-flame (L), long-flame gas (LG) and brown (B) [2]. Involvement of salty coal in the country's fuel balance for electricity and heat production will reduce the possible shortage of coal of the gas group (grades G, LG), to the combustion of which several existing TPPs are currently adapted [6].…”

Predicting changes in the sulfur content during steam coal preparation and the level of sulfur dioxide emissions when its combustion

“…The basis of Ukraine's energy independence is domestically mined coal and coalfired thermal power plants (TPPs), which provide a third of electricity generation. In conditions when nuclear power plants (NPPs) are able to carry only the base load, and droughts in recent years have reduced the regulatory capacity of hydropower plants, particularly pul verized coal power units of 12 large TPPs have remained the main tool for regulating the energy consumption schedule [1].…”

“…At this depth of coal cleaning, the LHV of the concentrate will reach 5500 kcal/kg, which ensures the operation of boilers with molten slag removal in a wide range of load control. Con centrates of this coal with such ash content should be used at the anthracite boilers converted to the combustion of bituminous coal without changing the current permits for SO 2 emissions [1].…”