Scintillation Detectors for Fast Neutrons

Klein, H.; Brooks, F.D.

doi:10.22323/1.025.0097

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…При цьому внутрішній поділ n/γ сигналів (відношення ефективностей детектування при реєстрації швидких нейтронів і гамма-квантів) для активованих кристалів KDP в 7-8 разів перевищує параметри традиційних пластикових сцинтиляторів. КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: швидкі нейтрони, KDP-монокристали, сцинтиляційні детектори, ефективність детектування, нейтрон/гамма дискримінація Несмотря на разнообразие типов разработанных к настоящему времени детекторов быстрых нейтронов [1][2][3][4][5] и используемых в них твердых, жидких и газообразных детектирующих сред, задача эффективной раздельной регистрации быстрых нейтронов в смешанных n/γ радиационных полях, создаваемых различными ядерными источниками, в полной мере не решена и остается весьма актуальной. Как правило, многие из материалов, которые хорошо регистрируют быстрые нейтроны, в том числе по реакции упругого рассеяния с образованием протонов отдачи [6], одновременно обладают излишней чувствительностью к сопутствующему (или фоновому) гамма-излучению [7,8].…”

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SCINTILLATION MONOCRYSTALS OF KDP:Tl AND KDP:Ce DOPED BY THALLIUM AND CERIUM FOR SELECTIVE DETECTION OF FAST NEUTRONS

2018

EEJP

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This research is going to explain the fast neutrons and gamma radiation registration by the new inorganic single crystals of the KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphat) group that was grown from the water solutions and activated by the thallium Tl + or cerium Ce 3+ . The appearance of the luminescence upon KDP:Tl crystals irradiation with the fast neutrons is explained by secondary ionizing radiation (recoil protons and oxygen recoil nuclei) with excitation of the activator under ionization losses for inhibition. Also the recombination mechanism with the radiation defects of the hydrogen sublattice going to transmit electron excitations to the region of the Tl + luminescence center. In the KDP:Ce crystals the excitation mechanism of the activator has a similar character, but the luminescence itself is due to the 5d  4f transition in Ce 3+ ions. The detection efficiency for activated KDP:Tl and KDP:Ce crystals to the fast neutrons in comparisons with organic (plastic) scintillators were calculated theoretically and experimentally. For the crystal volume about 10x10x10 mm3 with the optimal activator concentration the fast neutron detection efficiency under irradiation of 239 Pu-Be is 12% for KDP:Tl and 16% for KDP:Ce, which is in a consistent with the theoretical calculation and is not lower according to the parameters of typical organic scintillators. A high natural selectivity of the KDP scintillators to the fast neutrons due to their low sensitivity to gamma radiation was detected. Herewith the internal discrimination of n/γ signals (the ratio of detection efficiencies for the fast neutrons and gamma quants) for activated KDP crystals is 7-8 times higher than of regular plastic scintillators.

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SCINTILLATION MONOCRYSTALS OF KDP:Tl AND KDP:Ce DOPED BY THALLIUM AND CERIUM FOR SELECTIVE DETECTION OF FAST NEUTRONS

2018

EEJP

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“…A scintillating bolometer containing 6 Li or 10 B-isotopes actively used for neutron detection thanks to their high thermal neutron capture cross section (see, e.g., [57,61,[251][252][253])-can be exploited for the in-situ neutron flux monitoring in rare-event search experiments [59,60,74,254,255]. The detection principle is based on the 6 Li(n,t)α and 10 B(n,α) 7 Li reactions aiming at detection of the products.…”

Section: Neutron Detection In Rare-event Searchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scintillation in Low-Temperature Particle Detectors

Poda

2021

Physics

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Inorganic crystal scintillators play a crucial role in particle detection for various applications in fundamental physics and applied science. The use of such materials as scintillating bolometers, which operate at temperatures as low as 10 mK and detect both heat (phonon) and scintillation signals, significantly extends detectors performance compared to the conventional scintillation counters. In particular, such low-temperature devices offer a high energy resolution in a wide energy interval thanks to a phonon signal detection, while a simultaneous registration of scintillation emitted provides an efficient particle identification tool. This feature is of great importance for a background identification and rejection. Combined with a large variety of elements of interest, which can be embedded in crystal scintillators, scintillating bolometers represent powerful particle detectors for rare-event searches (e.g., rare alpha and beta decays, double-beta decay, dark matter particles, neutrino detection). Here, we review the features and results of low-temperature scintillation detection achieved over a 30-year history of developments of scintillating bolometers and their use in rare-event search experiments.

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“…To characterise the STNG in burst mode, detection of the generated fast neutrons was necessary. Fast neutrons may be detected using an organic scintillator to detect the recoil protons produced by fast neutron scattering with hydrogen nuclei [16,17]. Organic scintillators are also sensitive to gamma radiation, so gamma-ray induced scintillations may present a background that limits the effective measurement of fast-neutron flux.…”

Section: Fast Neutron Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron generator burst timing measured using a pulse shape discrimination plastic scintillator with silicon photomultiplier readout

2013

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An EJ-299-34 plastic scintillator with silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) readout was used to measure the fast neutron output of a pulsed Thermo-Fisher A-325 Deuterium-Tritium sealed tube neutron generator (STNG). The SiPM signals were handled by a prototype digital pulse processing system, based on a freerunning analogue to digital converter feeding a digital signal processor (DSP). Pulse shape discrimination was used to distinguish between detected fast-neutrons and gammas. Pulse detection, timing, energy and shape were all processed by the DSP in real-time.

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Scintillation Detectors for Fast Neutrons

Cited by 26 publications

References 156 publications

SCINTILLATION MONOCRYSTALS OF KDP:Tl AND KDP:Ce DOPED BY THALLIUM AND CERIUM FOR SELECTIVE DETECTION OF FAST NEUTRONS

SCINTILLATION MONOCRYSTALS OF KDP:Tl AND KDP:Ce DOPED BY THALLIUM AND CERIUM FOR SELECTIVE DETECTION OF FAST NEUTRONS

Scintillation in Low-Temperature Particle Detectors

Neutron generator burst timing measured using a pulse shape discrimination plastic scintillator with silicon photomultiplier readout

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