Sclerotinia and Phomopsis — two devastating sunflower pathogens

Maširević, Stevan; Gulya, T. J.

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(92)90004-s

Cited by 95 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…de Bary is to-day considered as one of the most damaging pathogens of sunflower. It is widespread, it persists for many years in the soil and has a very wide host range (Masirevic and Gulya 1992). Although the fungus can infect different plant parts, roots, stem bases, leaves, terminal buds and capitula, the infections on capitula probably produce the greatest loss because they occur at the end of the season when no compensation by surrounding plants is possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genetic analysis of quantitative traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) 1. QTL involved in resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe helianthi

et al. 2002

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe helianthi are important pathogens of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). Two hundred and twenty F2-F3 families were developed from an intraspecific cross between two inbred sunflower lines XRQ and PSC8. Using this segregating population a genetic map of 19 linkage groups with 290 molecular markers covering 2,318 cM was constructed. Disease resistances were measured in field experiments during 3 years (1998, 1999 and 2000) for phomopsis and 2 years for S. sclerotiorum (1997 and 1999). QTL were detected using the interval mapping method at a LOD threshold of 3. A total of 15 QTL for each pathogen resistance were detected across several linkage groups, confirming the polygenic nature of the resistances. These QTL explained from 7 to 41% of the phenotypic variability. The QTL for phomopsis resistance, in the 3 years of tests, mapped in the same region, and this was also true for some forms of S. sclerotiorum resistance in the 2 years of tests. On linkage group 8, QTL affecting resistance to both S. sclerotiorum and D. helianthi mycelium extension on leaves colocalised, suggesting a common component in the mechanism of resistance for these two pathogens. The colocalisation of QTL and breeding for resistance to S. sclerotiorum and to D. helianthi by pyramiding QTL in sunflower are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genetic analysis of quantitative traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) 1. QTL involved in resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe helianthi

et al. 2002

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“…Possibly the most extensive application of oxalate-degrading enzymes concerns their use in improving the tolerance of plants to fungal pathogens. The basis of this strategy is the toxic effect of the oxalic acid se-creted by many such pathogens, particularly Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (229), a fungus with a wide host range including sunflower (195) and oilseed rape. During severe outbreaks, crop losses can reach 60%.…”

Section: Transgenic Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Relatives of the Seed Storage Proteins of Higher Plants: Conservation of Structure and Diversification of Function during Evolution of the Cupin Superfamily

Dunwell

Khuri

Gane

2000

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

313

297

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SUMMARY This review summarizes the recent discovery of the cupin superfamily (from the Latin term “cupa,” a small barrel) of functionally diverse proteins that initially were limited to several higher plant proteins such as seed storage proteins, germin (an oxalate oxidase), germin-like proteins, and auxin-binding protein. Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of two vicilins, seed proteins with a characteristic β-barrel core, led to the identification of a small number of conserved residues and thence to the discovery of several microbial proteins which share these key amino acids. In particular, there is a highly conserved pattern of two histidine-containing motifs with a varied intermotif spacing. This cupin signature is found as a central component of many microbial proteins including certain types of phosphomannose isomerase, polyketide synthase, epimerase, and dioxygenase. In addition, the signature has been identified within the N-terminal effector domain in a subgroup of bacterial AraC transcription factors. As well as these single-domain cupins, this survey has identified other classes of two-domain bicupins including bacterial gentisate 1,2-dioxygenases and 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate dioxygenases, fungal oxalate decarboxylases, and legume sucrose-binding proteins. Cupin evolution is discussed from the perspective of the structure-function relationships, using data from the genomes of several prokaryotes, especially Bacillus subtilis. Many of these functions involve aspects of sugar metabolism and cell wall synthesis and are concerned with responses to abiotic stress such as heat, desiccation, or starvation. Particular emphasis is also given to the oxalate-degrading enzymes from microbes, their biological significance, and their value in a range of medical and other applications.

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“…However, the widespread use of chemicals in agriculture has been a subject of public concern and scrutiny due to their potential harmful effects on the environment, their undesirable effects on non-target organisms, development of resistant races of pathogens, and possible carcinogenicity of some chemicals (Berg et al 2005;Heydari & Pessarakli 2010). Because the sclerotia persist in soil and the choice of resistant crops is limited, short-term crop rotation is not an effective control measure (Masirevic & Gulya 1992). In addition, the resistance is an important problem of chemical controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, the causal agent of white mould disease in red cabbage, by some bacteria

Tozlu¹,

Mohammadi²,

Kotan³

et al. 2016

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Tozlu E., Mohammadi P., Senol Kotan M., Nadaroglu H., Kotan R. (2016): Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, the causal agent of white mould disease in red cabbage, by some bacteria. Plant Protect. Sci.,.Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is the causal agent of white mould, stem, and fruit rot diseases on a wide variety of crop plants including cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) in field and storage. Control of this pathogen by using commercial disease management methods is extremely difficult. Therefore, this study was performed to develop an alternative and effective control method for the diseases by using biocontrol bacteria -Bacillus subtilis (strains TV-6F, TV-17C, TV-12H, BA-140 and EK-7), Bacillus megaterium (strains TV-103B), and Bacillus pumilus (strains RK-103) on Petri plate assays and on red cabbage in pot assays. On Petri plates, all of the tested bacterial strains showed the zone of inhibition against the pathogen fungus ranging 15.00-26.50 mm. Their percentage inhibition rates and lesion length ranged 42.64-79.41% and 0.02-4.50 cm in pot assays, respectively. Consequently, our results indicated that especially B. subtilis strains TV-17C, TV-12H, and TV-6F can be used as bio control agent of S. sclerotiorum in red cabbage production.

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Sclerotinia and Phomopsis — two devastating sunflower pathogens

Cited by 95 publications

References 60 publications

Comparative genetic analysis of quantitative traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) 1. QTL involved in resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe helianthi

Comparative genetic analysis of quantitative traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) 1. QTL involved in resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe helianthi

Microbial Relatives of the Seed Storage Proteins of Higher Plants: Conservation of Structure and Diversification of Function during Evolution of the Cupin Superfamily

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, the causal agent of white mould disease in red cabbage, by some bacteria

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