Sclerotium delphinii causing concentric leaf spots in Piper nigrum in Brazil

Severo, Robinson; Shibutani, Leandro Jun Soki; Sousa, E.; Matos, Kedma da Silva; Beserra, José Evando Aguiar; Melo, Maruzanete Pereira de

doi:10.1007/s13313-021-00815-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…COUFPI 10 and COUFPI 11 strains were isolated from the seeds and roots of fava bean, respectively, placed in PDA medium and incubated at 25˚C for seven days [29]. Sclerotium delphinii Welch COUFPI 209 and COUFPI 249 strains were isolated from black pepper with symptoms of concentric leaf spots by inoculating sclerotia in PDA medium [30]. All strains were maintained in PDA culture medium at 28˚C in the absence of light and preserved using Castellani's method.…”

Section: Strains and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone are potential biocontrol agents against crop pathogenic fungi

et al. 2022

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The indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides increasingly harms the health of living beings and the environment. Thus, biological control carried out by microorganisms has gained prominence, since it consists of an environmentally friendly alternative to the use of pesticides for controlling plant diseases. Herein, we evaluated the potential role of endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone as biological control agents of crop pathogenic fungi. Nineteen Trichoderma strains were used to assess the antagonistic activity by in vitro bioassays against the plant pathogens Colletotrichum truncatum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Sclerotium delphinii isolated from soybean, cacao, fava bean, and black pepper crops, respectively. All Trichoderma strains demonstrated inhibitory activity on pathogen mycelial growth, with maximum percent inhibition of 70% against C. truncatum, 78% against L. theobromae, 78% against M. phaseolina, and 69% against S. delphinii. Crude methanol extracts (0.5 to 2.0 mg mL-1) of Trichoderma strains were able to inhibit the growth of C. truncatum, except Trichoderma sp. T3 (UFPIT06) and T. orientale (UFPIT09 and UFPIT17) at 0.5 mg mL-1, indicating that the endophytes employ a biocontrol mechanism related to antibiosis, together with multiple mechanisms. Discriminant metabolites of Trichoderma extracts were unveiled by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics combined with principal component analysis (PCA), which included antifungal metabolites and molecules with other bioactivities. These results highlight the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma strains isolated from the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone against crop pathogenic fungi, providing support for ongoing research on disease control in agriculture.

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Section: Strains and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone are potential biocontrol agents against crop pathogenic fungi

et al. 2022

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Identification and Characterization of Sclerotium delphinii Causing Southern Blight on Aconitum kusnezoffii in Northeast China

et al. 2022

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Aconitum kusnezoffii is a perennial medicinal plant belong to the Ranunculaceae family and distributed mainly in Northeast and North China. In July of 2018, a typical southern blight disease of A. kusnezoffii was observed in commercial fields of Qingyuan County, Fushun City, Liaoning Province, China. The fungus mainly infected stem base and tuberous roots of the plant by wrapping the hyphae and absorbing nutrition, resulting in tuberous root wilted or whole plant death. Morphological characteristics of colony and sclerotia of three representative strains isolated from the diseased plants differed obviously from those of Sclerotium rolfsii isolated from A. carmichaeli. Sclerotia were large (0.8-5.1 mm size), reddish-brown, irregular and pitted surfaces, and the hyphae was white, compact or fluffy, with a growth rate ranging from 8.0 mm/d to 10.1 mm/d. Phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer and the large subunit sequences showed that three strains isolated from A. kusnezoffii formed a unique and well supported clade that groups with the reference isolates of S. delphinii. Based on phylogentic analysis, cultural and morphological characteristics, the three isolates of A. kusnezoffii were identified as S. delphinii. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of the three tested isolates were 30℃ and sclerotia formed and matured more easily at 20℃. Light promoted the growth of mycelial, while dark was beneficial to the formation and maturation of sclerotia. The pathogenicity of S. delphinii showed stronger than S. rolfsii at low temperature (20℃). This is the first report of S. delphinii causing southern blight on A. kusnezoffii in China and this finding would provide a basis for disease accurate diagnosis and the development of effective management strategies.

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Genetic resistance and silicon in the control of stem rot in Capsicum spp.

Arcanjo Silva,

Leal Pires,

Beserra Jr

2024

Braz J Biosyst Eng

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Pepper stem rot is a disease caused by Sclerotium delphinii, a necrotrophic pathogen and a natural soil inhabitant. Identifying genotypes of Capsicum resistant to the pathogen and applying silicon (Si) can be effective management measures. The objective of the study was to identify sources of resistance in 24 accessions of Capsicum spp. against S. delphinii, and to evaluate the potential of sodium silicate (Si) to induce resistance. Two experiments were conducted: In Experiment I, the resistance reaction of Capsicum in a greenhouse was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in two periods of the year (July and November 2019). In Experiment II, the effect of Si on Capsicum resistance was evaluated. The experimental design used in Experiment I employed randomized blocks in a factorial design of 2 (isolates) x 24 (accessions), with five replications. For Experiment II, six accessions were selected with contrasting resistance responses observed in Experiment I, in a factorial design of 1 (isolate) x 6 (accessions) x 4 (doses: 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mL per vase). Accessions BGH 71 and BAGC 134 showed greater resistance to the pathogen. Accession BAGC 134 demonstrated high resistance stability in both periods and against the two isolates tested. Si doses had no significant effect on the resistance reaction. Therefore, the genotypes BGH 71 and BAGC 134 have the potential to be used in breeding programs for Capsicum for resistance to S. delphinii for control of stem rot.

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Sclerotium delphinii causing concentric leaf spots in Piper nigrum in Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone are potential biocontrol agents against crop pathogenic fungi

Endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone are potential biocontrol agents against crop pathogenic fungi

Identification and Characterization of Sclerotium delphinii Causing Southern Blight on Aconitum kusnezoffii in Northeast China

Genetic resistance and silicon in the control of stem rot in Capsicum spp.

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