Screening chilli genotypes for whitefly (<em>Bemisia tabaci </em>Genn.) resistance: A vector for chilli leaf curl virus

Abstract

Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) are one of the most important insect-pests of chilli worldwide mainly due to their role in transmission of Begomoviruses like Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (ChL CV). In this study, selected chilli genotypes (N = 125) including wild and cultivated species were evaluated against whitefly using free choice assays and parameters like number of whiteflies settled and nymphal population (both early and late stage) were considered to identify less preferred genotypes. The genotypes were also evaluated for plant traits namely trichome density, leaf colour and biochemical content (phenols and flavonoids). The results showed that the whitefly population and nymphal density were significantly different among the genotypes evaluated. Whitefly settlers and their nymphal density were positively correlated with the leaf non-glandular trichomes. The chilli genotypes viz., IHR 4283, IHR 4329, IHR 4300, IHR 4321, IHR 4338 recorded the less numbers of whiteflies as well as nymphs and grouped as the least preferred genotypes. On the contrary, the genotypes IHR 4586 A-1, IHR 4588 and IHR 4330 recorded the highest numbers of whiteflies. The role of plant traits in whitefly resistance in chilli was discussed in detail.

Preferensi Bemisia tabaci Genn. dan Kaitannya dengan Karakter Anatomi dan Morfologi Daun pada Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Wang et al (2017) dimana trikhoma non-kelenjar berkorelasi positif dengan oviposisi. Yadav et al (2019) menambahkan bahwa trikhoma nonkelenjar berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah imago kutu kebul yang hinggap. Semakin banyak trikhoma non-kelenjar semakin banyak imago kutu kebul yang hinggap.…”

“…Ketika imago kutu kebul mengalami kesulitan menusuk-menghisap pada bagian atas daun, maka imago tersebut akan pergi ke bagian bawah daun. Pada bagian bawah daun tidak terdapat palisade sehingga kutu kebul lebih mudah mencapai floem (Yadav et al, 2019)…”

Bemisia tabaci on Vegetables in the Southern United States: Incidence, Impact, and Management

“…Resistance against B. tabaci and associated viruses was also detected in many additional cultivated vegetable crops, such as watermelon [143,194], mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) [195,196], chili pepper [197][198][199], pepper accessions (Capsicum annuum L., C. chinense Jacq., and C. baccatum L.) [200], and collard (Brassica oleracea L. var. viridis) [201,202].…”

“…Eighty-two commercial snap bean lines were screened for two years and two varieties were identified that consistently displayed moderate levels of resistance to both CuLCrV and Sida golden mosaic virus (SiGMV) transmitted by B. tabaci (Bhabesh Dutta; Personal communication) [203]. Chili pepper genotypes of IHR 4283, IHR 4329, IHR 4300, IHR 4321, and IHR 4338 were reported to harbor low numbers of B. tabaci adults and nymphs [199]. The accessions IAC-1544 (C. annuum), IAC-1545 (C. chinense), and IAC-1579 (C. annuum) could be classified as good sources of resistance against B. tabaci and associated virus Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) for cultivated pepper [200].…”

Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Cayenne Peppers (Capsicum Annuum L.) from IPB University for Its Resistance Against Begomoviruses in Aceh

“…Pest attack is one of the important causes of a significant loss in pepper crop. Insect Silverleaf whitefly is a virus vector for Begomovirus, a virus causing chilli leaf curl disease (Parining & Dewi, 2018;Yadav, et al, 2020). Yellow leaf curl disease has attacked pepper plants in Indonesia reached up to 4537.8 ha in 2016 and has increased to 4591.9 ha in 2017 and 4986.4 ha in 2018 (Kementerian Pertanian, 2019).…”