Screening for amblyopia risk factors in pre-verbal children using the Plusoptix photoscreener: a cross-sectional population-based study

Moghaddam, Ali Akbar Saber; Kargozar, Abbas; Zarei-Ghanavati, Mehran; Najjaran, Marzieh; Nozari, Vahideh; Shakeri, Mohammad Taghi

doi:10.1136/bjo.2010.190405

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our refractive difference with the Plusoptix is both less than 6 and more than previously reported values. 7 Although these photorefractors are designed to be used without cycloplegia, accommodation still may be variable and may have played a role in the underestimation of hyperopia. The target lights and sounds of the 2 devices are different and may have differing effects on the child and thus on accommodation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoscreeners in the Pediatric Eye Office: Compared Testability and Refractions on High-Risk Children

Peterseim¹,

Papa²,

Wilson³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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PURPOSE To compare refractive data and testability of Spot (PediaVision) and Plusoptix A09 (Plusoptix, Inc) photoscreeners and to compare each device with traditional cycloplegic retinoscopy. DESIGN Prospective, interventional case series. METHODS After informed consent, patients underwent testing with the Spot and Plusoptix photoscreeners before their examination by a pediatric ophthalmologist masked to the results. Data including testability and estimated refractions were entered into a Research Electronic Data Capture database for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 265 children were enrolled (mean age, 6.0 ± 3.4 years). Both devices produced a computer printout result in 250 (94.3%) of the patients. The Spot photoscreener provided a refractive estimate in all computer printouts, whereas the Plusoptix, used binocularly, provided a refractive estimate in 75.2% (188/250) of the printouts. Compared with cycloplegic retinoscopy, both devices underestimated hyperopia or overestimated myopia (−1.35 diopters [D] and −0.64 D, Spot and Plusoptix, respectively) and overestimated astigmatism (0.36 D and 0.32 D, Spot and Plusoptix, respectively). The intraclass correlation coefficient for spherical equivalents indicated good agreement between cycloplegic retinoscopy and Spot (0.806) and excellent agreement between cycloplegic retinoscopy and Plusoptix (0.898). CONCLUSIONS The Spot photoscreener provided refractive data on a greater percentage of children. The photorefractors correlated with cycloplegic retinoscopy refractive findings for sphere and spherical equivalents, but underestimated hyperopia or overestimated myopia and overestimated astigmatism. The binocular refractions of Plusoptix agreed more closely with the refractions of our pediatric ophthalmologists.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoscreeners in the Pediatric Eye Office: Compared Testability and Refractions on High-Risk Children

Peterseim¹,

Papa²,

Wilson³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Plusoptix (Plusoptix GmbH, Nuremberg, Germany) spesifitesi düşük olmakla birlikte tarama amaçlı yardımcı olabilir. 29 Optik sinir ve retina patolojilerinin belirlenmesi için ayrıntılı fundus muayenesi mutlaka yapılmalıdır. Yapısal bozuklukların ve düzeltilebilir görme azlıklarının ortadan kaldırılması ile tanı konabilir.…”

Section: İdiyopatik Ambliyopiunclassified

Ambliyopi ve Tedavisi

Koçak¹,

Duranoğlu²

2014

tjo

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Ambliyopi çocuklarda tek taraflı görme kaybının en sık nedenidir. Okul çağı çocuklarında neden anizometropi, okul öncesinde ise şaşılıktır. Ambliyopi; kritik dönemde şekilli görme yoksunluğu ya da anormal binoküler etkileşime bağlı olarak ortaya çıkar. Bir gözdeki görme keskinliği diğerinden az ise ve bu tabloya neden olabilecek kırma kusuru farklılığı, şaşılık ya da öyküsü varsa ambliyopi tanısı düşünülmelidir. Refraktif düzeltme, kapama ve penalizasyon başta gelen tedavi modaliteleridir. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 228-36) Anah tar Ke li me ler: Ambliyopi, prevelans, medikal tedavi, cerrahi tedaviThe most common cause of unilateral visual impairment in children is amblyopia. Anisometropia is the major cause in school-age and strabismus is in pre-school period. Amblyopia occurs from visual deprivation in the critical period or abnormal binocular interaction. If visual acuity in one eye is less than the other and if there are differences in refractive error, strabismus or strabismus history, diagnosis of amblyopia should be considered. Refractive correction, patching, and penalization are overriding treatment modalities. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 228-36) Key Words: Amblyopia, prevalence, medical therapy, surgical therapy Özet Summary Giriş TanımKlinik olarak 300 yıldır bilinen ambliyopinin farklı kaynaklarda farklı tanımlarına rastlanmaktadır. 'Ambly' ve 'ops' kelimelerinden türetilmiş olan ambliyopi, doktorun hiç görmediği, hastanın çok az gördüğü klinik durum olarak tanımlanmıştır. 1 Tek veya çift taraflı olarak, gözde ve arka görme yollarında yapısal bir bozukluk olmaksızın, şekilli görme yoksunluğu ve/veya anormal binoküler etkileşim nedeniyle en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliğinin düşük olmasıdır ve uygun olgularda tedaviyle görme kaybı düzeltilebilir. 2 Tarihçe İlk kez şaşılıkta ambliyopinin geliştiğinden bahseden Geurge Luis Leclerc (1707-1788) olmuş ve bu deyim oftalmoloji disiplinine girmiştir. Bu konuda katkısı olan yazarlar sağlam gözü kapatarak ambliyopisi olan gözü kullanmaya zorlamayı önermişlerdir. PrevalansFarklı toplumlarda ve farklı yaş gruplarında değişkenlik göstermesine karşın yaklaşık %1-%5 oranında görülür. Anizometropisi ve/veya şaşılığı olan çocukların yarısında ambliyopi gelişir. 3 Son yıllarda yapılmış çalışmalarda; Faghihi ve ark. okul çağı çocukları arasında ambliyopi sıklığını %1,9 Yekta ve ark. %2,29 olarak bildirmişlerdir. 3,5 Polling ve ark. 6 ise 2 ay-12 yaş arası çocuklarda ambliyopi oranını %3,1 olarak bildirmişler ve çoğunlukla neden kırma kusuru olarak gösterilmiştir. Pai ve ark. 7 okul öncesi çocuklar arasında ambliyopi sıklığını araştırmışlar ve %1,9 olarak bulmuşlardır. Anizometropi ve şaşılık en fazla ambliyopi etkeni olmuştur. Üç yaş altındaki toplumda ise ambliyopinin en sık nedeni şaşılıktır. Bunun nedeni anizometropinin şaşılığa göre ambliyopiye yol açması için daha uzun zaman gerektirmesi olabilir. 8 Otuz yaş üzeri nüfusta ise ambliyopi prevalansı Çin'de %2,8 bulunmuş olup en sık neden anizometropidir. 9 Ülkemizde Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinde yapılan bir çalış...

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“…Furthermore, vectorial feature of astigmatism was rarely considered while analyzing the risk factors for aniso-astigmatism [10,16,17]. However, initial oblique astigmatism is easier to cause amblyopia than orthogonal astigmatism, even with a small degree [18,19]. Thus cylinder axis should not be neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biometric parameters of aniso-astigmatism and its risk factor in Chinese preschool children: the Nanjing Eye Study

Tong

Hao

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundsTo determine the biometric components of aniso-astigmatism and associated maternal risk factors in Chinese preschool children.MethodsIn the population-based, cohort Nanjing Eye Study, children were measured for noncycloplegic refractive error using an autorefractor and for biometric parameters using an optical low-coherent reflectometry. The difference of total astigmatism (TA) between both eyes was calculated using cylinder power (non-vectorial aniso-TA was defined as ≥ 1.00 Dioptre Cylinder [DC] between both eyes) and by vector analysis (vectorial aniso-TA was defined as a difference of ≥ 0.5 in J0 or J45 between both eyes which is equivalent to 1.00 DC). The prevalence of aniso-TA was presented. Interocular biometric parameters were compared between with vs. without aniso-astigmatism group. In addition, risk factors were determined using multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsOf 1131 children (66.90 ± 3.38 months, 53.31% male), the prevalence of non-vectorial aniso-TA was 1.95% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.14%-2.75%), while the prevalence of vectorial aniso-TA was twice as common as non-vectorial aniso-TA, neither varying with sex or age. With aniso-TA eyes were more asymmetric in axial length and corneal curvature radius than without aniso-TA eyes. In multivariate logistic regression model, 5-min apgar score less than 7 was significantly associated with higher risk of aniso-TA (vectorial aniso-TA: Odds Ratio (OR) = 6.42, 95%CI = 2.63–15.69, P < 0.001; non-vectorial aniso-TA: OR = 4.92, 95%CI = 1.41–17.68, P = 0.01). Being twin or triple was significantly associated with higher risk of vectorial aniso-CA (OR = 2.43, 95%CI = 1.05–5.60, P = 0.38). Pre-term delivery (OR = 2.60, 95%CI = 1.09–6.15, P = 0.03) and post-term delivery (OR = 3.61, 95%CI = 1.31–9.96, P = 0.01) were significantly associated with higher risk of vectorial aniso-CA.ConclusionsBoth corneal curvature radius and axial length asymmetry were correlated with aniso-TA. Children with 5-min apgar score < 7 were more likely to have aniso-TA, while twin or triple, pre-term or post-term delivery were risk factors for vectorial aniso-CA.

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Screening for amblyopia risk factors in pre-verbal children using the Plusoptix photoscreener: a cross-sectional population-based study

Abstract: The Plusoptix is a useful objective screening instrument, but still has low specificity for detecting amblyopia risk factors in the paediatric population.

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Photoscreeners in the Pediatric Eye Office: Compared Testability and Refractions on High-Risk Children

Photoscreeners in the Pediatric Eye Office: Compared Testability and Refractions on High-Risk Children

Ambliyopi ve Tedavisi

The biometric parameters of aniso-astigmatism and its risk factor in Chinese preschool children: the Nanjing Eye Study

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