Screening for Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in an Urban Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Gunn, Robert A.; Murray, Paula J.; Ackers, Marta; Hardison, W.G.M.; Margolis, Harold S.

doi:10.1097/00007435-200103000-00008

Cited by 81 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…RDS is a chain referral sampling method that uses mathematical modeling to produce prevalence estimates that are unbiased by the fact that initial participants or "seeds" are selected nonrandomly. [21][22][23][24] Participants were given $10 for each new participant (maximum= 3) they recruited using RDS coupons given to their IDU peers. Venue-based recruiting consisted of inviting syringe exchange program (SEP) clients to participate in the study when they came to exchange syringes.…”

Section: Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 To date, however, the only published estimate of HCV infection among the estimated 21,326 IDUs 20 in San Diego comes from a small study in 2001 finding that 38 % of IDUs tested in a sexually transmitted diseases clinic screened anti-HCV positive. 21 Given the high HCV prevalence in Tijuana, we were interested to know whether HCV infection prevalence was similar in San Diego. To better characterize IDUs in San Diego, we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence and identify correlates of HCV infection among young adult IDUs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

HCV Infection Prevalence Lower Than Expected among 18–40-Year-Old Injection Drug Users in San Diego, CA

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

San Diego, California shares the world's busiest land border crossing with Tijuana, Mexico-a city where 95 % of injection drug users (IDUs) test hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody-positive. Yet, little is known about the prevalence and risk behaviors for HCVamong IDUs in San Diego. In 2009-2010 IDUs in San Diego County completed a risk assessment interview and serologic testing for HCV and HIV infection. Recruitment involved respondent-driven sampling, venue-based sampling at a syringe exchange program, and convenience sampling. Correlates of HCV infection were identified by multivariable logistic regression. Among 510 current IDUs, 26.9 % (95 % CI 23.0-30.7 %) and 4.2 % (95 % CI 2.4-5.9 %) had been infected with HCVand HIV, respectively. Overall, median age was 28 years; 74 % were male; 60 % white and 29 % Hispanic; and 96 % were born in the U.S. Median years of injecting was 6; 41 % injected daily; 60 % injected heroin most often; 49 % receptively shared syringes and 68 % shared other injection paraphernalia; and only 22 % reported always using new syringes in the past 3 months. Two thirds had ever traveled to Mexico and 19 % injected in Mexico. HCV infection was independently associated with sharing injection paraphernalia (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]= 1.69) and SEP use (AOR=2.17) in the previous 3 months, lifetime history of drug overdose (AOR=2.66), and increased years of injecting (AOR=2.82, all P values G0.05). Controlling for recruitment method did not alter results. HCV infection prevalence among IDUs in San Diego was modest compared to other US cities and much lower than Tijuana. Given that known individual-level HCV risk factors were common in San Diego, the city's lower HCV prevalence might be due to differences in social and structural factors between the cities.

show abstract

Section: Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV Infection Prevalence Lower Than Expected among 18–40-Year-Old Injection Drug Users in San Diego, CA

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is caused by Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E Virus and also some other viruses [1][2] . Among them chronic viral hepatitis are caused by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Hepatitis B and C Viral Infection among the Medical Waste Handlers

Uddin¹,

Islam²,

Khan

et al. 2018

Bangladesh J. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Chronic viral hepatitis is a major health problem worldwide. Medical waste handlers (MWH) are particularly vulnerable to such hepatitis due to nature of their job. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among the medical waste handlers. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done from January 2015 to June 2015 to know the frequency Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C among medical waste handlers in SSMC Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Result: 96 medical waste handlers were enrolled. The mean age was 38.39 (SD ±10.057) years (range: 20 to 60 years). The leading age group was 31-40 years (32%). Most of them had little educational attainment and more than half of the respondents (53.1%) were working in the hospital for more than 10 years. Prevalence of HBV and HCV were 6.3%% and 1% respectively in MWH.

show abstract

“…Specifically, (1) a standardized form that identified 12-to 18-year-olds at risk for hepatitis A, B, or C was completed during medical intake, (2) all at-risk, susceptible youth were vaccinated against hepatitis A and B, and (3) serologic testing for hepatitis B and C was offered if indicated by a risk assessment. 49,50 During 2003 and 2006, Ͼ28 000 youth were assessed for hepatitis risk and vaccination status at intake. Only a small percentage of all detainees were vaccinated, because vaccine was given only to juveniles known to be unvaccinated and those who had been in the system for Ͼ14 …”

Section: Model Programs Designed To Vaccinate Youth At High Risk In Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccinating Adolescents in High-Risk Settings: Lessons Learned From Experiences With Hepatitis B Vaccine

Sneller¹,

Fishbein²,

Weinbaum³

et al. 2008

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Meeting the health needs of adolescents who live in high-risk settings such as homeless shelters, migrant camps, juvenile detention centers, prisons, and other types of residential facilities presents many challenges. Although there is no doubt that adolescents in many high-risk settings are at increased risk for hepatitis B and human papillomavirus, acute medical and psychological problems may consume all of the provider's time and resources. Potential health threats such as vaccinepreventable diseases must necessarily be given lower priority. Lack of vaccination expertise, supplies, and access to records further complicate delivery of vaccines. Since the 1990s, a number of approaches have been used to deliver hepatitis B vaccine to adolescents in many high-risk settings. Close collaboration among state and federal programs, local health departments, and community-based organizations has been necessary to introduce and sustain the delivery of vaccines to these young people. Medicaid, Statute 317 of the Public Health Service Act, the Vaccines for Children program, and State Children's Health Insurance Program have been used to finance vaccinations for adolescents 18 years or younger, and the expanded Medicaid option in the Foster Care Independence Act of 1999 has been used for adolescents older than 18 years of age. A number of states allow adolescents under age 18 to consent to their own hepatitis B vaccination under laws passed to allow treatment of sexually transmitted infections without parental consent. In this article, we present the experiences of several model programs that developed successful hepatitis B vaccination programs in venues that serve adolescents at risk, the important role of state laws and state agencies in funding immunization and other preventive health services for adolescents in high-risk situations, and discuss barriers and means to resolve them. I N THEIR SENTINEL 1993 report, the National Research Council proposed that the focus for addressing high-risk behaviors by adolescents should move from the individual adolescents to the settings in which these adolescents live. 1 These settings include those that serve adolescents who are unauthorized migrants or homeless and those who are in alternative schools, detention centers, jails, and prisons (Table 1). [2][3][4][5][6] The populations served in these settings were formally defined in the McKinney-Vento Act, which was signed into law in 1987. 7 Many of these settings have long been the focus of special efforts to deliver hepatitis B vaccine and serve populations especially likely to benefit from new vaccines for adolescents, including those against human papillomavirus, pertussis, and meningococcal meningitis. This report excludes adolescents who are displaced as a result of natural or man-made disasters, refugees, and foreign students.Health care, including immunization, for the adolescents considered here is generally provided by local, state, and federal programs and their grantees. Unfortunately, missing vaccinations are b...

show abstract

Screening for Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in an Urban Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Abstract: Injecting drug users and MSM are at high risk for STDs, HIV, and hepatitis infections and could benefit from a "one-stop" STD clinic that included hepatitis prevention services.

Cited by 81 publications

References 9 publications

HCV Infection Prevalence Lower Than Expected among 18–40-Year-Old Injection Drug Users in San Diego, CA

HCV Infection Prevalence Lower Than Expected among 18–40-Year-Old Injection Drug Users in San Diego, CA

Frequency of Hepatitis B and C Viral Infection among the Medical Waste Handlers

Vaccinating Adolescents in High-Risk Settings: Lessons Learned From Experiences With Hepatitis B Vaccine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About