Screening for host responses in Acacia to a canker and wilt pathogen, Ceratocystis manginecans

Abstract

Summary 13In Vietnam, the productivity of Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium x A. auriculiformis) 14 plantations is being threatened by an aggressive canker pathogen, Ceratocystis manginecans 15 and selection for tolerance is the main control strategy. A pot trial was established in Binh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 56Silvicultural practices required to produce solid wood from Acacia include singling, pruning 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Table 2). The identities of C. manginecans were determined from DNA sequence 98 data of the rDNA ITS and β-tubulin genes. DNA fragments were amplified using primers daily with 3 L of water using an automatic irrigation water system. 117The experiment was set up as a randomised complete block design, with five fungal The diameters (at 1.3 m tree height above pot surface) and heights of trees were measured 124 once, just prior to inoculation. All trees of each of the genotypes were of similar diameter 125(3.76 ± 0.11 cm; mean ± standard error) and height (491 ± 8 cm). In August 2014, 14-month-old trees were inoculated with a fungal isolate on the stem 50 cm 130 above the soil. In brief, the bark was removed with a sterile borer (10 mm diameter) and a 10 An 80-cm length of stem centered on the inoculation site was cut from the main seedling. 148This stem length was halved longitudinally through the inoculation wound with a blade (Fig. 149 1). A cordless drill was used to obtain shavings of sapwood from the following locations: 150• in inoculated treatment -the infected region (Fig. 1), 151• in wounded control treatment -adjacent to (above) the inoculation site, 152• in unwounded control treatment -healthy sapwood adjacent to (above) at a similar 153 height to the other treatments. Lesion length was significantly influenced by Acacia genotype (Fig. 3 and Table 3). The clones, the lesion length of BV10 was most similar to that of AA1. 226Lesion length was significantly affected by fungal isolate (Table 3). Lesion length of isolate 227 C3 was significantly higher by 93.1% and 36.6% than that of isolate C2 and C1, respectively. 228Lesion length of isolate C2 was significantly longer by 41.4% than that of isolate C1 (Fig. 4a). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 With the exceptions...

Differential physiological and biochemical responses of Quercus infectoria and Q. libani to drought and charcoal disease

“…Thus, it can be inferred that Q. infectoria upregulated the expression of phenol‐ and flavonoid‐associated genes, enhancing their accumulation and biological activity, while this defense mechanism seems poorly developed in Q. libani . Trang et al () observed higher concentrations of tannins in the more tolerant Acacia genotypes when plants were attacked by pathogens, so tannins can also be regarded as an indicator of tolerance to pathogens. Interestingly, tannin content in leaves of Q. libani dramatically increased when their seedlings experienced charcoal disease under water deficit.…”

Identification and Characterization of Ceratocystis fimbriata Causing Lethal Wilt on the Lansium Tree in Indonesia

“…and its original host, Eucalyptus spp. in China, Indonesia, South Africa, Thailand, Uruguay ( Harrington et al, 2014 ), Zimbabwe ( Jimu et al, 2015 ) and Vietnam ( Trang et al, 2018 ). The member of this Eucalyptus population of C. fimbriata cause the wilt epidemic on kiwifruit in Brazil ( Ferreira et al, 2017 ).…”

Ceratocystiswilt and canker – a disease that compromises the growing of commercialAcacia-based plantations in the tropics

“…To date, no strains of A. mangium resistant to Ceratocystis have been identified, though there is evidence of some variation in disease tolerance (Brawner 2015). Acacia auriculiformis shows higher levels of tolerance to C. manginecans, and this tolerance may also be expressed in A. mangium × A. auriculiformis hybrids (Trang et al 2018).…”