Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of two self-report scales among crime victims.

Wohlfarth, Tamar; Brink, Wim van den; Winkel, Frans Willem; Smitten, M. ter

doi:10.1037/1040-3590.15.1.101

Cited by 170 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, a Dutch study of pain and stress in burn victims found that IES scores > 26 were indicative of serious PTSD (Taal and Faber 1997). As a screening measure for PTSD, the sensitivity of the IES ranges from 0.94 to 1.00 and the specificity ranges from 0.78 to 0.84 (Wohlfarth et al 2003). More recently, it has been suggested that additional items on hyper-arousal could be added to the IES (Weiss and Marmar 1997).…”

Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic widespread pain

Arguelles

Afari

Buchwald

et al. 2006

Pain

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Previous studies of the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic widespread pain (CWP) or fibromyalgia have not examined the role of familial or genetic factors. The goals of this study were to determine if symptoms of PTSD are related to CWP in a genetically informative community-based sample of twin pairs, and if so, to ascertain if the association is due to familial or genetic factors. Data were obtained from the University of Washington Twin Registry, which contains 1,042 monozygotic and 828 dizygotic twin pairs. To assess the symptoms of PTSD, we used questions from the Impact of Events Scale (IES). IES scores were partitioned into terciles. CWP was defined as pain located in 3 body regions lasting at least 1 week during the past 3 months. Random effects regression models, adjusted for demographic features and depression, examined the relationship between IES and CWP. IES scores were strongly associated with CWP (P < 0.0001). Compared to those in the lowest IES tercile, twins in the highest tercile were 3.2 times more likely to report CWP. Although IES scores were associated with CWP more strongly among dizygotic than among monozygotic twins, this difference was not significant. Our findings suggest that PTSD symptoms, as measured by IES, are strongly linked to CWP, but this association is not explained by a common familial or genetic vulnerability to both conditions. Future research is needed to understand the temporal association of PTSD and CWP, as well as the physiological underpinnings of this relationship.

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Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic widespread pain

Arguelles

Afari

Buchwald

et al. 2006

Pain

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A 4-point Likert scale will be used ranging from 0 (not at all) to 5 (often). The cut-off score for a probable diagnosis of PTSD is ≥ 33 39,40 . The Dutch translation of the IES-R has been found to be valid and reliable 41 .…”

Section: Acute Stress Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Trauma Patients with Symptoms of an Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Protocol for an Observational Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)

Visser¹,

Gosens²,

Oudsten³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Psychological trauma can be divided into Type-I trauma (i.e. one single traumatic event (e.g. car accident)) and Type-II trauma (i.e. repeated and prolonged traumatization (e.g. abuse)). Physical trauma or injury is a Type-I trauma and a major source of high medical and social costs 1 . In the Netherlands, injury is the leading cause of death for persons younger than 35 years old 2 .Due to registration and implementation of specialized trauma care after injury, the quality of trauma care has been improved and survivorship increased [1][2][3][4][5][6] . However, patients go through a process of treatment after injury: from the ambulance or trauma helicopter to the shock room, possible hospital stay, and finally rehabilitation. The treatment in, for example, the shock room can be impressive and can have a major impact on patients' wellbeing. About 43% to 84% of the patients experience psychological problems (e.g. anxiety, depressive symptoms or opioid abuse) 7-10 and 7% has psychiatric comorbidity after physical trauma 11 . About 25% of the trauma patients have an (subsyndromal) acute stress disorder (ASD) during hospitalization and about 30% had post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) one month after injury 12,13 . About 49% showed a delayed onset of PTSD six months after injury. This percentage decreased to 20% at 24 months after injury 13 . Diagnostic criteria for ASD and PTSD are similar with regard to re-experiencing (e.g. flashbacks), increased arousal (e.g. difficulty concentrating), and persistent avoidance (e.g. efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings or places associated with the trauma). However, dissociative symptoms (e.g., numbing, reduction in awareness of surroundings, depersonalization, derealization, and/or dissociative amnesia) are emphasized in ASD, while PTSD does not include dissociative symptoms. Moreover, the diagnosis ASD can only be given within the first month after a traumatic event and last for less than a month. If the symptoms continue longer than a month, a diagnosis of PTSD is given. The symptoms may begin either after trauma or months or years afterwards 14 . PTSD symptoms persist for at least one month after injury 15 .Psychosocial problems and disorders can have a negative impact on patients' lives up to years later 13,[16][17][18] . For instance, 45% of the patients could not pursue with leisure activities and 27% reported a broken marriage six years after trauma 19 . Furthermore, pain was found to be a major predictor for psychological adjustment problems two years after injury 16 . ASD, PTSD, and psychological distress are positively associated with wound healing and fatigue 13,[20][21][22][23][24][25] and negatively with quality of life (QOL) compared to the general population 18,[26][27][28][29][30][31] . Also, patients' satisfaction with work status, general health, and recovery from injury are related with impaired mental health, depressive symptoms, and increased risk of substance abuse 30,32 . As a result, the costs of care increases due to patients who needs more medical care...

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“…For example, a Dutch study of pain and stress in burn victims found that IES scores >26 were indicative of serious PTSD (Taal and Faber, 1997). As a screening measure for PTSD, the sensitivity of the IES ranges from 0.94 to 1.00 and the specificity ranges from 0.78 to 0.84 (Wohlfarth et al, 2003). More recently, it has been suggested that additional items on hyper-arousal could be added to the IES (Weiss and Marmar, 1997).…”

Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms in Chronic Multisymptom Illnesses

Clauw¹

2008

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER REPORT DATE 01-06-2006 REPORT TYPE PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBERUniversity of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48106-0737 SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited SUPPLEMENTARY NOTESOriginal contains colored plates: ALL DTIC reproductions will be in black and white. ABSTRACTThe overall objectives of this cooperative agreement are to conduct research in pursuit of identifying the physiologic mechanisms responsible for the symptoms of pain, fatigue, and memory difficulties commonly seen in patients with Chronic Multisymptom Illnesses (CMI) (i.e., fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, Gulf War Illnesses, etc.); to identify the risk factors for developing these syndromes as well as programs aimed at both preventing these illnesses and treating established cases. These objectives will be achieved through multiple research studies using innovative, technologically advanced (e.g., functional MRI and telemedicine) methodologies in a multidisciplinary environment. Various studies will be conducted to explore all aspects of pain processing, the effects of exercise deprivation and sleep reduction on symptomatology, the ability of exercise and/or cognitive behavioral therapies to alter patients' locus of control for pain, the neurobiological mechanism(s) of acupuncture on analgesia, the presence of hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli, and the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy delivered via telemedicine and the internet. These studies will be conducted on well-characterized cohorts of CMI subjects and healthy controls taken from our burgeoning subject registry. Research will occur over the next 3 years at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI and Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD. SUBJECT TERMS INTRODUCTION:Researchers in the Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center ...

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Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of two self-report scales among crime victims.

Cited by 170 publications

References 37 publications

A twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic widespread pain

A twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic widespread pain

Physical Trauma Patients with Symptoms of an Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Protocol for an Observational Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)

Mechanisms in Chronic Multisymptom Illnesses

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