Screw reactors and rotary kilns in biochar production – A comparative review

Moser, Konstantin; Wopienka, Elisabeth; Pfeifer, Christoph; Schwarz, Markus; Sedlmayer, Irene; Haslinger, Walter

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2023.106112

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Iron slag is a product obtained from the purification of iron during the wet process of zinc refining, it contains a large amount of valuable metals, such as iron, manganese, zinc, lead, and silver, and has a high comprehensive recovery and utilization value [3] , [4] , [5] . However, the storage of iron slag not only causes serious environmental pollution but also wastes resources [6] , To alleviate the environmental pollution caused by iron slag and recover valuable metals, the most widely used and mature method is the rotary kiln or smelting furnace reduction volatilization method, which requires dehydration pretreatment of iron slag [7] , [8] . The dehydration pretreatment of iron slag can effectively reduce the water-soluble zinc content, minimizing zinc loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the dewatering performance of zinc smelting iron Slag: Investigating the influence of ultrasonic Time, ultrasonic Power, and Liquid-Solid ratio using response surface methodology

Cheng,

Dai,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the dewatering performance of zinc smelting iron Slag: Investigating the influence of ultrasonic Time, ultrasonic Power, and Liquid-Solid ratio using response surface methodology

Cheng,

Dai,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…One of their main applications is the recovery of biochar, liquids, and syngas from volatile fractions [94]. Auger or screw reactors are also employed in slow pyrolysis, in which a single feedstock or a mixture of feedstocks and solid heat carriers is transported down the length of a tube by a screw [99,100]. These reactors have also gained attention because of their fast pyrolysis [99].…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Agri-Food Waste Based on Thermochemical Processes towards a Circular Bioeconomy Concept: The Case Study of the Portuguese Industry

Berenguer,

Perestrelo,

Pereira

et al. 2023

Processes

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Sustainable biomass production has a significant potential for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, providing an alternative to produce eco-friendly biofuels, biochemicals, and carbonaceous materials for biological, energetic, and environmental applications. Biomass from agroforestry and agricultural wastes is the richest natural carbon source and a sustainable option for woody biomass from a circular economic perspective. The European Union (EU) is estimated to produce 1.3 billion tons of agri-food waste annually. Portugal has a large supply of residual biomass, as well as other byproducts and wastes from forestry, agriculture, and the food industry, and has a high availability of residual biomass. By using biomass waste to create high-value products, Portugal envisages an improvement in its economic performance, while reducing its dependence on energy imports and fossil fuel use. This review explores the potential of agri-food waste obtained from Portuguese industries through thermochemical conversion technologies as a promising sustainable substitute for wood-based biomass for the development of eco-friendly biofuels, biochemicals, and high-value carbonaceous materials, and their applications. This strategy, based on the circular bioeconomy concept, can help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fulfil the needs of the growing population, and offer a sustainable waste management solution.

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“…As quoted by Konstantin Moser et al [19]: "… One also has to be aware that the yield numbers are only to demonstrate rough differences between technologies and must be seen as approximate values".…”

Section: Table 1 Used Wood Mass and Products Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Efficient Pyrolysis of Wood Chips and its Product Yield in Developing Countries

Nzihou,

Girod,

Hamidou

et al. 2023

JENRR

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This paper is about the feasibility of combustibles gases like methane, ethane and carbon monoxide production from wood pyrolysis. This first laboratory experimental stage objective was to see what products can be obtained from wood pyrolysis in absence of oxygen and presence of nitrogen. The effect of temperature on the product yields was investigated. Products were characterized using gas-chromatography. We found that products of wood pyrolysis for temperatures of 700, 800, 900, 1000 and 1100°C were char, CO2 and combustibles gases like CH4, C2H2, CO and tar. NH3 was not found in the produced gases. In our study, condensable gases were not recovered and quantified. A gas condenser would have been necessary inserted for this purpose at the outlet of the pyrolysis reactor before routing the gases to the mass spetrograph. This study show that char production decrease from 17.08% at 700°C on the weight basis to 12.95% at 1100°C. Gases and tar production decrease, going from 82.92% at 700 °C on the weight basis to 87.05% at 1100°C. Carbone dioxide production also increase with temperature. It is the biggest part of produced gases of the wood pyrolysis gases representing an average weight proportion of 6.99% of the initial wood. Carbone monoxide yield is almost constant, around 1.6% at 800, 900 and 1000°C thought its yield at 700°C was found slightly higher accounting for 2.29% weight of the initial wood. Ethylene (C2H4) is only produced in small amount compared to others combustibles gases like methane and carbon monoxide. Its proportion which was observed almost constant, around 0.14% on the weight basis in respect to the initial wood chips weight from 700 to 900°C dropped to 0.02% at 1000°C. Methane (CH4) is produced in weight basis proportions of 2.55% which remain almost constant from 700 to 1000°C.

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Screw reactors and rotary kilns in biochar production – A comparative review

Cited by 18 publications

References 142 publications

Optimizing the dewatering performance of zinc smelting iron Slag: Investigating the influence of ultrasonic Time, ultrasonic Power, and Liquid-Solid ratio using response surface methodology

Optimizing the dewatering performance of zinc smelting iron Slag: Investigating the influence of ultrasonic Time, ultrasonic Power, and Liquid-Solid ratio using response surface methodology

Management of Agri-Food Waste Based on Thermochemical Processes towards a Circular Bioeconomy Concept: The Case Study of the Portuguese Industry

Feasibility of Efficient Pyrolysis of Wood Chips and its Product Yield in Developing Countries

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