Sea surface temperature in the north tropical Atlantic as a trigger for El Niño/Southern Oscillation events

Ham, Yoo‐Geun; Kug, Jong‐Seong; Park, Jong Yeon; Jin, Fei‐Fei

doi:10.1038/ngeo1686

Cited by 478 publications

(460 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Similar to [14,15] [14,15]. For ATL_VAR, the response is stronger compared to the response to the Atlantic Niño, and comparable in magnitude to the observed response.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Strong westerly anomalies in the eastern subtropical and tropical North Pacific, as suggested by the work of [14,15], are not seen in our AGCM simulations. This suggests that the mechanisms posited by [14,15] may not be at work in our simulations.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…It is possible that that results depend on the exact period analyzed. Overall, however, the studies of [14,15] are confirmed in the respect that a warming (cooling) in the tropical North Atlantic indeed leads to a La Niña (El Niño)-type response in the Pacific region.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…For ATL_VAR, the response is stronger compared to the response to the Atlantic Niño, and comparable in magnitude to the observed response. However, there is no indication of the response to the NTA being more central Pacific ENSO events compared to the response to the ATL3 as suggested by [14,15], either in observations or the model results. It is possible that that results depend on the exact period analyzed.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In [14,15], the teleconnection of the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) SSTs to the tropical Pacific has been analyzed, and it has been found that SST anomalies in the NTA also favor the development of central Pacific ENSO events. Similar to [14,15] [14,15].…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

et al. 2016

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Abstract:In this paper, the teleconnections from the tropical Atlantic to the Indo-Pacific region from inter-annual to centennial time scales will be reviewed. Identified teleconnections and hypotheses on mechanisms at work are reviewed and further explored in a century-long pacemaker coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation ensemble. There is a substantial impact of the tropical Atlantic on the Pacific region at inter-annual time scales. An Atlantic Niño (Niña) event leads to rising (sinking) motion in the Atlantic region, which is compensated by sinking (rising) motion in the central-western Pacific. The sinking (rising) motion in the central-western Pacific induces easterly (westerly) surface wind anomalies just to the west, which alter the thermocline. These perturbations propagate eastward as upwelling (downwelling) Kelvin-waves, where they increase the probability for a La Niña (El Niño) event. Moreover, tropical North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies are also able to lead La Niña/El Niño development. At multidecadal time scales, a positive (negative) Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation leads to a cooling (warming) of the eastern Pacific and a warming (cooling) of the western Pacific and Indian Ocean regions. The physical mechanism for this impact is similar to that at inter-annual time scales. At centennial time scales, the Atlantic warming induces a substantial reduction of the eastern Pacific warming even under CO 2 increase and to a strong subsurface cooling.

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“…Similar to [14,15] [14,15]. For ATL_VAR, the response is stronger compared to the response to the Atlantic Niño, and comparable in magnitude to the observed response.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

et al. 2016

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Oxygen isotopes in tree rings record variation in precipitation δ¹⁸O and amount effects in the south of Mexico

et al. 2013

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[1] Natural archives of oxygen isotopes in precipitation may be used to study changes in the hydrological cycle in the tropics, but their interpretation is not straightforward. We studied to which degree tree rings of Mimosa acantholoba from southern Mexico record variation in isotopic composition of precipitation and which climatic processes influence oxygen isotopes in tree rings (δ18Otr). Interannual variation in δ18Otr was highly synchronized between trees and closely related to isotopic composition of rain measured at San Salvador, 710 km to the southwest. Correlations with δ13C, growth, or local climate variables (temperature, cloud cover, vapor pressure deficit (VPD)) were relatively low, indicating weak plant physiological influences. Interannual variation in δ18Otr correlated negatively with local rainfall amount and intensity. Correlations with the amount of precipitation extended along a 1000 km long stretch of the Pacific Central American coast, probably as a result of organized storm systems uniformly affecting rainfall in the region and its isotope signal; episodic heavy precipitation events, of which some are related to cyclones, deposit strongly 18O-depleted rain in the region and seem to have affected the δ18Otr signal. Large-scale controls on the isotope signature include variation in sea surface temperatures of tropical north Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. In conclusion, we show that δ18Otr of M. acantholoba can be used as a proxy for source water δ18O and that interannual variation in δ18Oprec is caused by a regional amount effect. This contrasts with δ18O signatures at continental sites where cumulative rainout processes dominate and thus provide a proxy for precipitation integrated over a much larger scale. Our results confirm that processes influencing climate-isotope relations differ between sites located, e.g., in the western Amazon versus coastal Mexico, and that tree ring isotope records can help in disentangling the processes influencing precipitation δ18O.

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Abrupt termination of the 2012 Pacific warming and its implication on ENSO prediction

Xiang

Wang

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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In the summer of 2012, there was a clear signal of the developing El Niño over the equatorial Pacific, and many climate models forecasted the occurrence of El Niño with a peak phase in the subsequent winter. However, the warming was aborted abruptly in late fall. Here we show that the abrupt termination of the 2012 Pacific warming was largely attributed to the anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) cooling in the northeastern and southeastern subtropical Pacific. The anomalous SST cooling induced strong easterly and low-level divergence anomalies, suppressing the development of westerly and convection anomalies over the equatorial central Pacific. Thus, the surface warming over the equatorial Pacific was decoupled from the surface wind forcing and subsurface thermocline variability, inhibiting its further development into a mature El Niño in the winter of 2012-2013. This study highlights the importance of the SST anomaly in the subtropical Pacific in El Niño prediction.

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Sea surface temperature in the north tropical Atlantic as a trigger for El Niño/Southern Oscillation events

Cited by 478 publications

References 28 publications

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

Oxygen isotopes in tree rings record variation in precipitation δ¹⁸O and amount effects in the south of Mexico

Abrupt termination of the 2012 Pacific warming and its implication on ENSO prediction

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Sea surface temperature in the north tropical Atlantic as a trigger for El Niño/Southern Oscillation events

Cited by 478 publications

References 28 publications

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

Oxygen isotopes in tree rings record variation in precipitation δ18O and amount effects in the south of Mexico

Abrupt termination of the 2012 Pacific warming and its implication on ENSO prediction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Oxygen isotopes in tree rings record variation in precipitation δ¹⁸O and amount effects in the south of Mexico