Search for innovative solutions to improve the energy system of Ukraine: World experience

Abstract

This study analyses the global experience of introducing innovations in the energy sector to identify effective solutions that can be applied to improve the energy system of Ukraine. The research methods included a comparative analysis of international experience in the energy sector, an assessment of the possibilities of adapting innovative technologies to Ukrainian conditions, and an examination of technical and economic aspects of integrating new solutions. The study analysed the experience of countries such as Germany, Denmark, the United States, Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden, Japan, China, France, and South Korea, which have succeeded in implementing innovative solutions in the energy sector, in particular, in the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), the development of smart networks, energy decentralisation, energy storage technologies, and energy efficiency improvement. It is identified that the most efficient approaches include the integrated use of renewable energy sources in combination with energy storage, which ensures the stability of energy supply even in conditions of uneven electricity production. The importance of smart networks for optimising energy distribution and reducing losses is also emphasised. The decentralisation of energy and the development of energy cooperatives contribute to improving energy security and community engagement. The study also showed that the introduction of smart energy management systems at the consumer level helps to increase the flexibility of the energy system and effectively respond to fluctuations in demand. In addition, it is determined that the successful implementation of innovative projects in the energy sector requires state support through subsidies and regulatory incentives. Based on international experience, it is concluded that combining technical solutions with effective management and political initiatives is key to ensuring the sustainable development of the Ukrainian energy system