Searching for an Environmental Kuznets Curve in China's air pollution

A conditional directional distance function approach for measuring regional environmental efficiency: Evidence from UK regions

“…where t K is the regional gross capital stock in current year; Then in our second stage analysis and in order to test the link between regional environmental efficiency and regional economic growth, we follow several other regional studies (He, 2008;Diao et al, 2009;Brajer et al, 2011) using regional GDP per capita (GDPPC) (measured in euro) as a proxy of regional economic growth. Table 1 presents the descriptive statistics of the variables used.…”

The bittersweet fruits of industrialization in rural China: The cost of environment and the benefit from off-farm employment

“…Focusing on different pollutants separately presents an incomplete picture of the relationship between pollution and income (Brajer, Mead, & Xiao, 2011). This paper measures the prevalence of industrial pollution in a comprehensive way by asking households to report whether they are suffering industrial pollution or not, whether air, water, or other pollution in their daily life.…”

Measurement Method and Empirical Research on the Sustainable Development Capability of a Regional Industrial System Based on Ecological Niche Theory in China

“…Some scholars carried out analysis on the change trends of national discharge of the three wastes (waste water, waste gas, and waste residue) [47][48][49], some other scholars carried out empirical research on many categories of pollutants in different provinces of China [50][51][52][53]. The empirical results indicated that the EKC turning point of industrial pollutants discharge has not been met in China, extensive industrial operational mode with the expense of ecological environment damage brought out monotone increasing cubic curve shape and even backward curve shape of national industrial EKC in some regional industrial systems [13][14][15][16]54,55]. With the guidance of the Ecological Niche Theory, restructuring positive-U curve shape of regional industrial Environmental Kuznets Curve is beneficial to achieve coordinative and sustainable developmental objective of industrial operation and environmental quality.…”

“…From then on, many scholars applied the Environmental Kuznets Curve in the comparative analysis on national environmental quality and economic growth of different countries [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. At present, plenty of scholars have carried out relative analysis and empirical research based on statistics from China, and the results indicate that the turning point of the environmental Kuznets Curve has not been reached [13][14][15][16]. For a long time, the central and regional governments of China have excessively concentrated on rapid economic growth, but have ignored serious environmental pollution and unrecoverable destruction of ecological function.…”