Searching for effective compatibilizing agents for the preparation of poly(ether ether ketone)/graphene nanocomposites with enhanced properties

Martínez‐Gómez, Aránzazu; Quiles-Díaz, Susana; Enrique-Jiménez, Patricia; Flores, A.; Ania, F.; Gómez‐Fatou, Marian A.; Salavagione, Horacio J.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.07.027

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Polymer-modified graphene fillers were prepared by the dispersion of graphene in one of the two compatibilizing agents considered: polyetherimide (PEI) and sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) [31]. The nomenclature used for the fillers was GPEI and GSPEEK, and the compatibilizer/graphene weight ratio was 55/45, as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) [31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incorporation of graphene to PEEK has taken place at a slower pace than for other polymer matrices [30][31][32][33][34][35]. Graphene dispersion represents a challenging task due to the high melt viscosity of PEEK and the resistance to most organic solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphene dispersion represents a challenging task due to the high melt viscosity of PEEK and the resistance to most organic solvents. Despite this, it has been demonstrated that PEEK/graphene composites can exhibit significant electrical conductivity by a careful selection of aromatic compatibilizers [30,31] or via nanocomposite powders [32]. Concerning mechanical properties, it has been shown that graphene increases modulus and hardness, and reduces creep, friction, and wear factors [27,33,35], even when commercial graphene without further modification is incorporated through a solvent-free, melt-blending process [33,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphene is expected to improve the fibre-matrix interfacial interaction and provide additional functionalities to the laminate. The homogeneous dispersion of graphene in the PEEK matrix was approached in a recent paper [31], and it was shown that small quantities of PEI and sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) compatibilizers optimized the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. In particular, those containing 3 wt.% of PEI and 5 wt.% of SPEEK (and equivalent quantities of graphene on each) showed the best balance of properties, approaching conductivity levels up to 10 −2 S cm −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Understanding the Reinforcement of Graphene in Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)/Carbon Fibre Laminates

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PEEK appears as an excellent candidate to substitute epoxy resins in carbon fibre laminates for high-performance aeronautical applications. The optimization of the properties and, in particular, of the transition region between the fibres and the matrix appear as a major issue prior to serial production. Graphene, modified with two compatibilizers, has been incorporated in the polymer layer with the purpose of imparting additional functionalities and enhancing the matrix-fibre interaction. It is found that both carbon fibres and modified graphene significantly influence the crystallization behaviour and smaller, and/or more imperfect crystals appear while the degree of crystallinity decreases. Despite this, nanoindentation studies show that the PEEK layer exhibits significant modulus improvements (≈30%) for 5 wt.% of graphene. Most importantly, the study of the local mechanical properties by nanoindentation mapping allows the identification of remarkably high modulus values close to the carbon fibre front. Such a relevant mechanical enhancement can be associated with the accumulation of graphene platelets at the polymer–fibre boundary, as revealed by electron microscopy studies. The results offer a feasible route for interlaminar mechanical improvement based on the higher density of graphene platelets at the fibre front that should promote interfacial interactions. Concerning electrical conductivity, a large anisotropy was found for all laminates, and values in the range ~10−4 S/cm were found for the through-thickness arrangement as a consequence of the good consolidation of the laminates.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Understanding the Reinforcement of Graphene in Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)/Carbon Fibre Laminates

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Graphene has already been used as a filler in the composites of various polymers, for example, polyimide [ 34 ], polytetrafluorethylene [ 35 ] or polyacrylonitrile [ 36 ]. In recent years, several papers have also been published describing the production and properties of graphene/PEEK composites [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. The EPD of pure graphene has also been reported in the literature and the authors of those works proved that it is possible to obtain graphene coatings on various substrates, e.g., silicon [ 44 ] or titanium alloy [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoretic Co-deposition of Polyetheretherketone and Graphite Particles: Microstructure, Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance, and Coating Adhesion to a Titanium Alloy

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study explores the possibilities of fabricating a graphite/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composite coating on a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy through duplex treatment consisting of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and heat treatment. It has been found that the electrophoretic co-deposition of graphite and PEEK microparticles can be performed from environmentally-friendly pure ethanolic suspensions. Zeta potential measurements and a study of the interaction between both particle types with the use of transmission electron microscopy allowed potential mechanisms of particle co-deposition to be indicated. Microstructure characterization was performed on macro-, micro- and nanoscale using visible light microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and electron microscopy. This allowed the coating homogeneity and distribution of graphite particles in the polymer matrix to be described. Graphite particles in the form of graphene nanosheet packages were relatively evenly distributed in the coating matrix and oriented parallel to the coating surface. The heat-treated coatings showed high scratch resistance and no adhesive type destruction was observed, but they were highly susceptible to deformation. The corrosion measurements were performed with use of electrochemical techniques like open circuit potential and linear sweep voltamperometry. The coated alloy indicated better electrochemical corrosion resistance compared with the uncoated alloy. This work showed the high versatility of the electrophoretic co-deposition of graphite and PEEK particles, which combined with post-EPD heat treatment allows composite coatings to be fabricated with controlled distribution of graphite particles.

show abstract

Graphene Functionalization for Polymer Nanocomposites

Salavagione

Quiles-Díaz

Shuttleworth

et al. 2020

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer nanocomposites represent one of the most important application materials of this century, and those based on the incorporation of graphene and related materials are at the forefront. This article describes the salient features of nanomaterials from the graphene family and describes in detail recent advances in the strategies employed to successfully incorporate them into polymer matrices for the development of a new generation of materials with superior and tunable properties.

show abstract

Searching for effective compatibilizing agents for the preparation of poly(ether ether ketone)/graphene nanocomposites with enhanced properties

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Understanding the Reinforcement of Graphene in Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)/Carbon Fibre Laminates

Understanding the Reinforcement of Graphene in Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)/Carbon Fibre Laminates

Electrophoretic Co-deposition of Polyetheretherketone and Graphite Particles: Microstructure, Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance, and Coating Adhesion to a Titanium Alloy

Graphene Functionalization for Polymer Nanocomposites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About