Seasonal changes in plasma concentrations of cecum-derived amines in clinically normal ponies and ponies predisposed to laminitis

Bailey, S. R.; Katz, Lisa; Berhane, Yoel; Samuels, Tim; Brauvere, Nicholas De; Marr, Celia M.; Elliott, Jonathan

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.1132

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…3 Serotonin plasma levels are also subject to physiological variations. 1,2,7,18,31 Even in healthy horses, reported reference values for serotonin are not consistent, which hampers further research into the role of serotonin in equine diseases. Reported PPP serotonin values in healthy horses range from 2.5 ng/ml to 90 ng/ml with a majority varying between 3 ng/ml and 30 ng/ml.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of serotonin in equine plasma with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Serotonin is regularly measured in equine platelet-poor plasma in research settings. However, reported reference values vary between studies, partially because plasma serotonin concentrations are very low and a reliable and affordable detection method is lacking. A simple, rapid, and sensitive method for serotonin determination in equine platelet-poor plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated. Results of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were compared to the LC-MS/MS results, in order to validate a test more suitable for use in a clinical situation. For LC-MS/MS, 500 µl of plasma was required, and deuterated serotonin was used as an internal standard. The sample preparation was based upon a simple liquid extraction into ethyl acetate. Chromatographic separation was performed with an acetic acid-acetonitrile mobile phase gradient elution. Linearity was demonstrated between 3 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml. A limit of quantification of 3 ng/ml was achieved, corresponding to a limit of detection of 0.10 ng/ml. Comparison of LC-MS/MS and ELISA with Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman plotting showed a poor agreement between the 2 methods, with an increasing difference within the higher range of measurements. Caution is needed when extrapolating results from sources using different analytical techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of serotonin in equine plasma with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

et al. 2012

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“…Bailey et al (2003b) sugeriram que a sobrecarga por carboidratos pode favorecer a absorção de aminas pelo trato digestivo, devido ao dano causado à barreira presente na mucosa intestinal, sendo que a tiramina e a feniletilamina foram apontadas como iniciadoras da hipertensão subseqüente. Nout (1994) salientou que a tiramina em alimentos deve estar em concentração entre 100-800mg/kg, pois se torna tóxica acima de 1080mg/kg.…”

Section: Cromatografia Gasosaunclassified

“…Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos, mas sim entre os tempos avaliados. Bailey et al (2003b) Concentração em mg/L = (A a /A P )/F ci x C p x F Aa = área do pico correspondente à amostra; Ap = área do pico correspondente ao padrão interno; F c i = fator de correção interno; Cp = concentração da solução padrão interno (mg/L); F = fator de diluição da amostra durante o processamento.…”

Section: Cromatografia Gasosaunclassified

“…Essas exotoxinas são aminas encontradas no conteúdo intestinal de animais monogástricos e poligás-tricos (Hill et al 1970, Bailey et al 2003b.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Variações expressivas nas concentrações de triptamina (TRP), tiramina (TYR) e feniletilamina (PEA) foram verificadas no soro de eqüinos obtidos no inverno, alimentados com feno, e no verão, alimentados em pastagens ricas em fructanos (Bailey et al 2003b). Elliott et al (2003) estudando os efeitos vasoativos das aminas triptamina, tiramina e feniletilamina concluíram que elas são potentes vasoconstritoras tanto em artérias como em veias, sendo a triptamina e a tiramina vasoconstritoras seletivas, ou seja, são mais potentes em veias que artéri-as.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Concentrações plasmáticas de triptamina, tiramina e feniletilamina em eqüinos sob efeitos de sobrecarga de carboidratos e antiinflamatórios não esteroidais

Botteon

Ferraz²,

Glória³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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As concentrações plasmáticas das aminas triptamina (TRP), tyramina (TYR) e pheniletilamina (PEA) foram determinadas por cromatografia gasosa (CG) de 20 eqüinos sob efeito de sobrecarga por carboidratos (SC). Após 36h da SC os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em quatro grupos (n=5) e receberam a cada 12h por via iv: solução salina 10mL (GC), ketoprofeno 2,2mg/kg (GK), fenilbutazona 4,4mg/kg (GF) e flunixin meglumine 1,1mg/kg (GFM). As concentrações das aminas TYR e PEA variaram de 0,18 a 164,2mg/L, com diferenças nos tempos avaliados, mas não entre os tratamentos (p<0,01). A concentração plasmática de TRP apresentou diferenças entre os tempos e também entre os tratamentos. O GC diferiu dos demais nos momentos 48h e 60h e as concentrações nos grupos GK e GFM foram menores que nos grupos GF e GC às 72h (P= 0,0012). Conclui-se que nas doses utilizadas os antiinflamatórios não esteroidais avaliados não interferem nas concentrações de TYR e PEA. Entretanto, o ketoprofeno e o flunixin meglumine foram efetivos em diminuir a concentração plasmática de TRP.

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Drug metabolism in the horse: a review

Scarth

Teale

Kuuranne

2010

Drug Testing and Analysis

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A detailed understanding of equine drug metabolism is important for detection of drug abuse in horseracing and also in veterinary drug development and practice. To date, however, no comprehensive review of equine drug metabolism has been published. The majority of literature regarding equine drug metabolite profiles is derived from sports drug detection research and is generally targeted at detecting marker metabolites of drug abuse. However, the bulk of the literature on equine drug metabolism enzymology is derived from veterinary studies aimed at determining the molecular basis of metabolism. In this article, the phase 1 and 2 metabolisms of seven of the most important classes of drugs monitored in horseracing are reviewed, including: anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), β₂ -agonists, stimulants, sedatives/tranquilizers, local anesthetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDS)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, and opioid analgesics. A summary of the literature relating to the enzymology of drug metabolism in this species is also be presented. The future of equine drug metabolism in the area of doping research will be influenced by several factors, including: a possible move towards the increased use of blood and other alternative testing matrices; the development of assays based on intact drug conjugates; the increasing threat of 'designer' and herbal- based products; advances in the use of in vitro technologies; the increased use of liquid-chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry; and the possibility of screening using 'omics' approaches. Also, the recent cloning of a range of equine cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes opens up the potential for carrying out more detailed mechanistic pharmacological and toxicological veterinary studies.

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Seasonal changes in plasma concentrations of cecum-derived amines in clinically normal ponies and ponies predisposed to laminitis

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative analysis of serotonin in equine plasma with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Comparative analysis of serotonin in equine plasma with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Concentrações plasmáticas de triptamina, tiramina e feniletilamina em eqüinos sob efeitos de sobrecarga de carboidratos e antiinflamatórios não esteroidais

Drug metabolism in the horse: a review

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