Seasonal Effects of Hydropeaking on Growth, Energetics and Movement of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo Salar</i>)

Puffer, Michael; Berg, Ole Kristian; Huusko, Ari; Vehanen, Teppo; Forseth, Torbjørn; Einum, Sigurd

doi:10.1002/rra.2801

Cited by 52 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The abiotic characteristics of the channels (depth, current, hydropeaking frequency and ramping speed) were identical to those of the previous study (Puffer et al 2014). The water temperature (mean temperature 13.2°C) decreased steadily during the experiment from 16.6 to 9.1°C.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The negative effects of hydropeaking are mainly associated with rapid changes in hydrology, the exposure of substrate and the stranding of fish and benthic invertebrates (Freeman et al 2001;Halleraker et al 2003;Korman & Campana 2009;Hauer et al 2014). Puffer et al (2014) performed experiments with juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in experimental flumes where stranding was avoided to investigate the effects of changing levels of discharge on fish performance. Furthermore, the effects of displacement may be sensitive to levels of intra-and interspecific competition, which may influence the cost of relocating to a suitable new patch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of intra‐ and interspecific competition and hydropeaking on growth of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Puffer

Berg

Huusko

et al. 2015

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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The effects of hydropeaking and intra-and interspecific competition on the growth performance (growth in length, mass and lipid content) of juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and brown trout Salmo trutta were studied in six experimental channels (three experiencing hydropeaking and three controls with a stable discharge of water). Changes in the water-covered area in the hydropeaking channels were small to avoid fish stranding. Each channel was divided into three similar-sized sections and stocked with either low or high density of Atlantic salmon, or a mix of Atlantic salmon and brown trout, with the density of the latter equalling the high-density treatment of Atlantic salmon. A marked effect of competition was visible as salmon in the low-density treatment were significantly larger (27-33%) and had a higher mass (30-38%) than salmon in both the high-density salmon treatment and the high-density salmon and trout treatment. Hydropeaking had only minor and insignificant effects on the growth performance: overall final length, mass and body lipid content in the salmon experiencing hydropeaking differed by À9%, À7% and +2% compared with controls. Furthermore, there was no indication that the competitive regime influenced hydropeaking effects. The increase in both intra-and interspecific competition among the juvenile salmon had a pronounced and significant effect on growth. Our study adds to the growing evidence that energetic consequences of hydropeaking are likely to be small for Atlantic salmon and that stress and mortality associated with stranding represent the main source of population impact.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intra‐ and interspecific competition and hydropeaking on growth of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Puffer

Berg

Huusko

et al. 2015

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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show abstract

“…Since body fat was the same for the control and treatment fish in all four experiments, stranding did not increase metabolism and thus did not influence winter survival in our experiments. In contrast to the present study, other studies [26] [38] showed that non-lethal effects of hydropeaking (i.e. changes in water discharge and water level without actual stranding) result in decreased growth and body fat in juvenile salmonids.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The channels have been used in previously published experiments and are known to have an invertebrate fauna sufficient to feed small parr (e.g. [23] [24] [25]), but the experiments described below were designed to avoid abundance of food which may let the fish compensate negative growth effects of hydropeaking [26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic Consequences of Stranding of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Puffer¹,

Berg²,

Einum³

et al. 2017

JWARP

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An effect of hydropower and hydropeaking regulation in rivers is stranding of fish. Those fishes that survive stranding may experience stranding as a stressful situation. In four experimental stranding experiments (each with 6 individuals in 10 control and 10 treatment replicates), the energetic consequences of two forms of stranding (i.e. trapping and beaching) of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were investigated in summer and winter. Restricted food access in the experimental channels ensured that effects of hydropeaking could be revealed. Mean fish length ranged between 60 mm and 110 mm among experiments. Both during the winter and summer experiments fish did not grow in length, neither in the control nor in the treatment channels and fish lost body mass as well as body fat in all experiments (body fat in summer trapping experiment not determined). The four experiments revealed similar results: stranding did not affect growth or energy content. Despite the severity of the stranding and the resulting mortality, which was especially high during summer, no stranding related effects on fish performance could be detected.

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“…Our results are based on 2-day fluctuations in water flow and suggest that salmonids may require time to adjust their behaviour (activity, mobility, and prey attack rates). For instance, Keenleyside and Yamamoto (1962) Earlier studies are equivocal on the effect of water flow fluctuations on growth, as some suggest that fish may grow slower (Flodmark et al, 2004;Puffer et al, 2015;Weyers, Jennings, & Freeman, 2003), faster (Finch, Pine, & Limburg, 2015), or at similar rate (Flodmark, Forseth, L'Abée-Lund, & Vøllestad, 2006;Korman & Campana, 2009;Puffer, Berg, Huusko, Vehanen, & Einum, 2017) in altered flow. Our results indicate that stream fishes compensate for low food intake under unfavourable conditions by adjusting their activity and foraging mode, that is, more activity and mobility under LWF, and the costs associated with such adjustments should be low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diel activity and foraging mode of juvenile Arctic charr in fluctuating water flow

Larranaga

Valdimarsson

Linnansaari

et al. 2018

River Research & Apps

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Streams fluctuate in water flow because of natural (e.g., rain) and human-induced events (e.g., hydropeaking). Magnitude, frequency, and predictability of these events can have drastic consequences for fish populations. We studied how rapid modifications of water flow affect diel activity and foraging mode of juvenile Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus in stream enclosures exposed to either stable (intermediate) or fluctuating (low vs. high) water flow. Under stable conditions, Arctic charr showed limited activity (9.4%). In fluctuating water flow, charr increased activity during low flow periods, especially during the first hours after the flow decreased, but ceased activity almost completely at high flow. Charr were mostly nocturnal, and more nocturnal at low than intermediate water flow. Fish were more mobile and swam faster during prey search and attacked prey at longer distances at low water flow. Activity and foraging mode differed between the first and second day after reduced water flow, suggesting that Arctic charr require time to adjust their foraging behaviour. This study demonstrates the importance of behavioural flexibility for population ecology in fluctuating environments such as regulated rivers. (Magoulick & Kobza, 2003). Additionally, natural water flow can be altered by humans, for example, via hydroelectric dams. The magnitude, duration, and frequency of hydropeaking events depends on human demands for electricity and sometimes follow predictable patterns, for example, when the water is stored at night and released during the day or vice versa (Scruton et al., 2005). However, hydropeaking can alter the flow regime more drastically and --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Seasonal Effects of Hydropeaking on Growth, Energetics and Movement of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

Cited by 52 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of intra‐ and interspecific competition and hydropeaking on growth of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Effects of intra‐ and interspecific competition and hydropeaking on growth of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Energetic Consequences of Stranding of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Diel activity and foraging mode of juvenile Arctic charr in fluctuating water flow

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