“…In fact accumulation and rapid melt are two of the most dramatic seasonal environmental changes of any kind on the Earth's surface (Gutzler and Rosen, 1992;Robinson and Frei, 2000;Robinson et al, 1993). In the Southern Hemisphere, outside of Antarctica and its surrounding ice shelves and sea ice, snow is generally limited to smaller regions such as the Andes, Patagonia and the southern Alps of New Zealand (Foster et al, 2008). On decadal time scales, snow variations over Northern Hemisphere lands have also been considerable (Barry et al, 1995;Brown, 2000;Brown and Braaten, 1998;Derksen et al, 2004;Frei et al, 1999;Mote, 2006;Mote et al, 2005;Ye et al, 1998), with declines in spring associated with warmer conditions (Brown et al, 2010;Groisman et al, 1994;IPCC, 2007;Leathers and Robinson, 1993).…”