Second harmonic generation in AlGaAs photonic wires using low power continuous wave light

Abstract

Abstract:We report modal phase matched (MPM) second harmonic generation (SHG) in high-index contrast AlGaAs sub-micron ridge waveguides, by way of sub-mW continuous wave powers at telecommunication wavelengths. We achieve an experimental normalized conversion efficiency of ~14%/W/cm 2 , obtained through a careful subwavelength design supporting both the phase matching requirement and a significant overlap efficiency. Furthermore, the weak anomalous dispersion, robust fabrication technology and possible geometrical and thermal tuning of the device functionality enable a fully integrated multi-functional chip for several critical areas in telecommunications, including wavelength (time) division multiplexing and quantum entanglement. 2974-2976 (2004). 15. S. V. Rao, K. Moutzouris, and M. Ebrahimzadeh, "Nonlinear frequency conversion in semiconductor optical waveguides using birefringent, modal and quasi-phase-matching techniques," J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt. 6(6), 569-584 (2004). 16. Y. Ishigame, T. Suhara, and H. Nishihara, "LiNbO(3) waveguide second-harmonic-generation device phase matched with a fan-out domain-inverted grating," Opt. Lett. 16(6), 375-377 (1991). 17. X. Yu, L. Scaccabarozzi, J. S. Harris Jr, P. S. Kuo, and M. M. Fejer, "Efficient continuous wave second harmonic generation pumped at 1.55 μm in quasi-phasematched AlGaAs waveguides," Opt. Express 13, 10742-10748 (2005). 18. A. Fiore, S. Janz, L. Delobel, P. van der Meer, P. Bravetti, V. Berger, E. Rosencher, and J. Nagle, "Secondharmonic generation at λ = 1.6 μm in AlGaAs/Al2O3 waveguides using birefringence phase matching," Appl. tuning and tolerances," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28(11), 2631-2654 (1992). 22. P. Abolghasem, J. Han, B. J. Bijlani, A. Arjmand, and A. S. Helmy, "Highly efficient second-harmonic generation in monolithic matching layer enhanced AlxGa1-xAs Bragg reflection waveguides," IEEE Photon. ©2011 Optical Society of America

Optical frequency conversion in integrated devices [Invited]

“…It is worth mentioning that we also observed efficient SHG in AlGaAs photonics wires [72], as well as efficient self-phase modulation [49], supercontinuum generation [59], and FWM in Hydex® spiral waveguides, which we did not discuss in this review due to space limitations.…”

“…As such, several waveguide structures have been developed so far by many groups in order to achieve it in AlGaAs waveguides. These include multilayer AlGaAs/Al 2 O 3 waveguides for artificial form birefringence phase matching (FBPM) [69,70], engineered-waveguides for modal phase matching (MPM) [71,72], Bragg reflection waveguides (BRW) for MPM [73], orientation patterned GaAs (OP-GaAs) for quasi-phase matching (QPM) via domain reversal [74], and periodically switching nonlinearity (PSN) via etch-and-regrowth for QPM [75]. A comprehensive discussion of these techniques may be found in Ref.…”

Second Harmonic Generation in AlGaAs Nanowaveguides

“…Experimental results on modal phase-matched SHG in AlGaAs nanowaveguides, achieved using CW light source operating at the telecom wavelengths, have been reported in Ref. [26].…”

Hyperentangled photon sources in semiconductor waveguides

“…These structures can be integrated with both active and passive photonic components. Various strategies have been developed to achieve phase matching (PM) in AlGaAs waveguides [14,15]: QPM [16][17][18], form birefringence [19,20], modal phase matching (MPM) [21], counterpropagating modes [22], and the use of Bragg reflection waveguides (BRWs) [23,24]. Techniques to generate polarization entangled photons in AlGaAs waveguides have been theoretically developed [25][26][27] as well as experimentally demonstrated [22,28,29].…”