Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Multihop relaying is a potential technique to mitigate channel impairments in optical wireless communications (OWC). In this paper, multiple fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relays are employed to enhance the OWC performance under the combined effect of atmospheric turbulence, pointing errors, and fog. We consider a long-range OWC link by modeling the atmospheric turbulence by the Fisher-Snedecor F distribution, pointing errors by the generalized non-zero boresight model, and random path loss due to fog. We also consider a short-range OWC system by ignoring the impact of atmospheric turbulence. We derive novel upper bounds on the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the end-toend signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for both short and long-range multihop OWC systems by developing exact statistical results for a single-hop OWC system under the combined effect of Fturbulence channels, non-zero boresight pointing errors, and foginduced fading. Based on these expressions, we present analytical expressions of outage probability (OP) and average bit-error-rate (ABER) performance for the considered OWC systems involving single-variate Fox's H and Meijer's G functions. Moreover, asymptotic expressions of the outage probability in high SNR region are developed using simpler Gamma functions to provide insights on the effect of channel and system parameters. The derived analytical expressions are validated through Monte-Carlo simulations, and the scaling of the OWC performance with the number of relay nodes is demonstrated with a comparison to the single-hop transmission.

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“…and substituting u 2 → −u 2 , and applying the definition of bivariate Fox's H-function [50], we get the ABER in (31).…”

Section: Abermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multihop Optical Wireless Communication Over ${\mathcal {F}}$-Turbulence Channels and Generalized Pointing Errors With Fog-Induced Fading

2022

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“…As a promising candidate for backhaul solutions of 5G and beyond 5G networks, hybrid communication systems with mmWave links coexisting with FSO links have attracted considerable attention, and so does the security performance therein [23]- [26]. The authors in [23] conducted security performance analysis in terms of average secrecy capacity, secrecy outage probability and strictly positive secrecy capacity in a parallel FSO-mmWave communication system, where the transmitter sends information to the receiver via an FSO link and a mmWave link concurrently. Three wiretapping scenarios were considered, where the FSO link, mmWave link or both links are wiretapped, respectively.…”

Section: Hybird Mmwave-fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar scenario was considered in [24] but with different channel fading randomness, i.e., exponential atmospheric turbulence and Weibull fading channels. The parallel FSO-mmWave system was also considered in [25], while, unlike [23], the authors focused on a wiretapping channel that is correlated to the main channel and hybrid eavesdroppers that can wiretap both the FSO and mmWave links. Apart from the parallel FSO-mmWave system, a serial two-hop FSO-mmWave system consisting of one FSO link and one mmWave link has been introduced in [26], where the average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability were analyzed for system security performance analysis.…”

Section: Hybird Mmwave-fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical layer security techniques have been considered as an important approach to ensuring secure mmWave communication [6]- [10], since they reveal the fundamental capability of achieving informationtheoretic and quantifiable security at the physical layer regardless of the computation capabilities of eavesdroppers. Current research on the physical layer security of mmWave communication mainly focuses on combating the conventional wiretapping attack in various mmWave systems, such as mmWave multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems [11]- [15], mmWave non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems [16]- [19], intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided mmWave systems [20]- [22], hybrid mmWave-free space optical (FSO) systems [23]- [26] and mmWave ad hoc networks [27]- [29], etc (See Section II for related works).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunistic Wiretapping/Jamming: A New Attack Model in Millimeter-Wave Wireless Networks

Zhang¹,

Zheng²,

He³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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<p>While the millimeter-wave (mmWave) communica- tion is robust against the conventional wiretapping attack due to its short transmission range and directivity, this paper proposes a new opportunistic wiretapping and jamming (OWJ) attack model in mmWave wireless networks. With OWJ, an eavesdropper can opportunistically conduct wiretapping or jamming to initiate a more hazardous attack based on the instantaneous costs of wiretapping and jamming. We also provide three realizations of the OWJ attack, which are mainly determined by the cost models relevant to distance, path loss and received power, respectively. To understand the impact of the new attack on mmWave network security, we first develop novel approximation techniques to characterize the irregular distributions of wiretappers, jammers and interferers under three OWJ realizations. With the help of the results of node distributions, we then derive analytical expressions for the secrecy transmission capacity to depict the network security performance under OWJ. Finally, we provide extensive numerical results to illustrate the effect of OWJ and to demonstrate that the new attack can more significantly degrade the network security performance than the pure wiretapping or jamming attack. </p>

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“…Relaying techniques are typically used to increase network coverage, spectrum efficiency, and power efficiency. In addition to these, the system needs high-capacity, reliable communication between users [31], which is why researchers here thoroughly examined the hybrid RF/FSO structure [31] - [39]. Environmental factors do not have the same impact on RF and FSO links.…”

Section: A Motivation and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Security Analysis of Multi-Hop Hybrid RF/FSO System in Presence of Multiple Eavesdroppers

Pattanayak¹,

Dwivedi

Karwal

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this paper, the physical layer security (PLS) analysis for a decode-and-forward (DF) protocol based multihop hybrid radio frequency (RF)/ free space optics (FSO) is presented. Herein, two different scenarios are considered for detecting the secured information at the destination. In the first scenario, at each hop, the received signals with higher secrecy capacity are selected. However, in the second scenario, the RF and FSO signals are simply decoded and forwarded to the next hop and selection is done at the last hop only. Each node in the system is connected to its subsequent node through independent RF and FSO links which are connected in parallel. The FSO links and RF links are characterized by Málaga (M) and Nakagami-m composite distributions respectively. For both scenarios, the secrecy outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), intercept probability (IP), and effective secrecy throughput (EST) are obtained as performance metrics. These aforementioned performance metrics are obtained in terms of Meijer's G function by considering pointing error, different optical signal detection methods, turbulence effect, and the RF link fading parameter (m). Using the results, the security and reliability trade-off analysis is discussed for two scenarios. In addition, the asymptotic results are also obtained to study the system in depth. Further, the secrecy diversity order (SDO) and secrecy coding gain (SCG) are obtained to analyse the system in depth. Finally, Monte-Carlo Simulation is performed to verify the obtained results. The results manifest that the scenario with selection at each hop provides better secrecy performance than the scenario with selection at the last hop.

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Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Multihop Optical Wireless Communication Over ${\mathcal {F}}$-Turbulence Channels and Generalized Pointing Errors With Fog-Induced Fading

Multihop Optical Wireless Communication Over ${\mathcal {F}}$-Turbulence Channels and Generalized Pointing Errors With Fog-Induced Fading

Opportunistic Wiretapping/Jamming: A New Attack Model in Millimeter-Wave Wireless Networks

Physical Layer Security Analysis of Multi-Hop Hybrid RF/FSO System in Presence of Multiple Eavesdroppers

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