Secreted major Venus flytrap chitinase enables digestion of Arthropod prey

Paszota, Paulina; Escalante-Pérez, María; Thomsen, Line R.; Risør, Michael W.; Dembski, Alicja; Sanglas, Laura; Nielsen, Tania A.; Karring, Henrik; Thøgersen, Ida B.; Hedrich, Rainer; Enghild, Jan J.; Kreuzer, Ines; Sanggaard, Kristian W.

doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.11.009

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Induction of endochitinase activity by chitin was recently described in carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes [38], [39], [40], [41]. In accordance with our study, exochitinase (or N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase) activity in carnivorous plants has not been detected in Dionaea , Drosera and Nepenthes [21], [28], [42]. Robins and Juniper (1980) showed using autoradiography for the first time that proteins released from the glands comes from a store but considerable de novo synthesis must also occur during the digestion period [43], [44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Abundance of Cysteine Endopeptidase Dionain in Digestive Fluid of Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) Is Regulated by Different Stimuli from Prey through Jasmonates

et al. 2014

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The trap of the carnivorous plant Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) catches prey by very rapid closure of its modified leaves. After the rapid closure secures the prey, repeated mechanical stimulation of trigger hairs by struggling prey and the generation of action potentials (APs) result in secretion of digestive fluid. Once the prey's movement stops, the secretion is maintained by chemical stimuli released from digested prey. We investigated the effect of mechanical and chemical stimulation (NH4Cl, KH2PO4, further N(Cl) and P(K) stimulation) on enzyme activities in digestive fluid. Activities of β-D-glucosidases and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidases were not detected. Acid phosphatase activity was higher in N(Cl) stimulated traps while proteolytic activity was higher in both chemically induced traps in comparison to mechanical stimulation. This is in accordance with higher abundance of recently described enzyme cysteine endopeptidase dionain in digestive fluid of chemically induced traps. Mechanical stimulation induced high levels of cis-12-oxophytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA) but jasmonic acid (JA) and its isoleucine conjugate (JA-Ile) accumulated to higher level after chemical stimulation. The concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) did not change significantly. The external application of JA bypassed the mechanical and chemical stimulation and induced a high abundance of dionain and proteolytic activity in digestive fluid. These results document the role of jasmonates in regulation of proteolytic activity in response to different stimuli from captured prey. The double trigger mechanism in protein digestion is proposed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Abundance of Cysteine Endopeptidase Dionain in Digestive Fluid of Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) Is Regulated by Different Stimuli from Prey through Jasmonates

et al. 2014

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“…COR-stimulated traps showed rapid transcriptional activation of hydrolases 1-2 h after stimulus onset. As Paszota et al (2014) have already shown for VF CHITINASE I, SAG12 and SCPL49 hydrolase expression reached peak levels at 24-48 h after stimulation, irrespective of the nature of the stimulus (insect, trigger hair bending/mechanics, or COR) (Fig. 3B).…”

Section: Active Glands In Secretion Modementioning

confidence: 77%

Venus flytrap carnivorous lifestyle builds on herbivore defense strategies

et al. 2016

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Although the concept of botanical carnivory has been known since Darwin's time, the molecular mechanisms that allow animal feeding remain unknown, primarily due to a complete lack of genomic information. Here, we show that the transcriptomic landscape of the Dionaea trap is dramatically shifted toward signal transduction and nutrient transport upon insect feeding, with touch hormone signaling and protein secretion prevailing. At the same time, a massive induction of general defense responses is accompanied by the repression of cell death–related genes/processes. We hypothesize that the carnivory syndrome of Dionaea evolved by exaptation of ancient defense pathways, replacing cell death with nutrient acquisition.

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“…In addition to proteins identified in this study (Supplementary Tables 25-28), we obtained for phylogenetic analyses a number of previously published sequences of digestive fluid proteins 8,9,[72][73][74][75][76][77][78] (Supplementary Table 24). Although many protein and transcript sequences for possible digestive enzymes are available (for example, refs 17,79-84 ), we included only genes for which complete coding sequences were available and for which their presence in digestive fluid had been biochemically validated (Supplementary Table 24, last searched 20 January 2016).…”

Section: Go Enrichment Analysis Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of the pitcher plant Cephalotus reveals genetic changes associated with carnivory

et al. 2017

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Carnivorous plants exploit animals as a nutritional source and have inspired long-standing questions about the origin and evolution of carnivory-related traits. To investigate the molecular bases of carnivory, we sequenced the genome of the heterophyllous pitcher plant Cephalotus follicularis, in which we succeeded in regulating the developmental switch between carnivorous and non-carnivorous leaves. Transcriptome comparison of the two leaf types and gene repertoire analysis identified genetic changes associated with prey attraction, capture, digestion and nutrient absorption. Analysis of digestive fluid proteins from C. follicularis and three other carnivorous plants with independent carnivorous origins revealed repeated co-options of stress-responsive protein lineages coupled with convergent amino acid substitutions to acquire digestive physiology. These results imply constraints on the available routes to evolve plant carnivory.

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Secreted major Venus flytrap chitinase enables digestion of Arthropod prey

Cited by 34 publications

References 69 publications

Abundance of Cysteine Endopeptidase Dionain in Digestive Fluid of Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) Is Regulated by Different Stimuli from Prey through Jasmonates

Abundance of Cysteine Endopeptidase Dionain in Digestive Fluid of Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) Is Regulated by Different Stimuli from Prey through Jasmonates

Venus flytrap carnivorous lifestyle builds on herbivore defense strategies

Genome of the pitcher plant Cephalotus reveals genetic changes associated with carnivory

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