Secure Quantum Dialogue via Cavity QED

Abstract

In this paper, a secure quantum dialogue protocol via cavity QED is suggested by using the evolution law of atom in cavity QED. The present protocol employs both the two-step transmission and the unitary operation encoding. Two security checks are adopted to ensure its transmission security against the active attacks from an outside eavesdropper. The present protocol avoids the information leakage problem by using the entanglement swapping between any two Bell states via cavity QED together with the shared secret Bell state. Compared with the previous information leakage resistant quantum dialogue protocol via cavity QED, the present protocol takes advantage in quantum measurement.

Fault-tolerant authenticated quantum dialogue using logical Bell states

“…Compared with the previous QD protocols [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]42,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61], the great merit of the two proposed protocols is that each of them can accomplish the mutual identity authentication and the dialogue between two participants simultaneously and securely over one kind of collective noise channels under the assumption that the information transmitted through the classical channel is eavesdroppable and modifiable. Their other characteristics are:…”

“…In this paper, two fault tolerant AQD protocols against the collective-dephasing noise and the collective-rotation noise are proposed, respectively, by employing logical Bell states as the quantum resource, where the key for choosing the measurement bases of sample logical qubits is pre-shared privately between two participants. Compared with the previous QD protocols [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]42,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61], the great merit of the two proposed protocols is that each of them can accomplish the mutual identity authentication and the dialogue between two participants simultaneously and securely over one kind of collective noise channels under the assumption that the information transmitted through the classical channel is eavesdroppable and modifiable. Their other characteristics are:…”

“…Subsequently, how to design the QD protocols without information leakage quickly aroused the interests of researchers. As a result, many good information leakage resistant QD protocols have been designed [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

“…However, all the above QD protocols [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] only work on the basis that the information transmitted through the classical channel is not eavesdroppable and modifiable. Once this assumption is broken, they immediately face with serious security risks aroused by the attacks from an outside attacker, such as the impersonation attack, the man-in-the-middle attack and the modification attack.…”

“…Another defect of Lin et al's protocol [42] is that it only works over an ideal channel. It is necessary to point out that the previous information leakage resistant QD protocols [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] each is also only workable over an ideal channel. Actually, there inevitably exists the unwanted coupling of photons with the practical environment.…”