Securitization and Forced Migration in Kenya: A Policy Transition from Integration to Encampment

Abstract

This article explores forced migration and policy transition in East Africa using the case study of Kenya-a key regional destination for forced migrants. Using a descriptive and historical approach to highlight the dynamics of forced migration , the study emphasizes on what factors underlie the change of policy from integration to encampment. The author argues that central to this transition are discourses on national security, domestic, and regional politics. Using the theory of securitization, the study finds that assumptive blames on forced migrants expose them to greater vulnerabilities, while failure to recognize the challenges facing host states also undermines the management of forced migrants. The author concludes that the principles of global cosmopolitanism should underlie response and that when critical national interests necessitate stricter limitations on the extent to which forced migrants can enjoy certain rights and freedoms, then the international community must strive to play a greater role to minimize risks to both host nations and forced migrants.

Violencia contra migrantes: comprensión del crimen organizado más allá de la violencia

“…El tráfico y el contrabando de migrantes son fenómenos que normalmente se asocian a la existencia de grupos del crimen organizado que, por sus capacidades operativas, lucran con esta actividad ilegal. Consecuentemente, la migración irregular ha pasado a ser un fenómeno "securitizado" en muchos Estados y regiones, es decir, se le ha considerado una "amenaza" y, por ende, se justifica que sea tratado como un asunto de seguridad (Agwanda, 2022;Lalić & Ćeranić, 2019;Topulli, 2016). A pesar de eso, la violencia no es una constante en los espacios en los que existe tráfico y contrabando de migrantes.…”