Security and Global Health

Elbe, Stefan; Nakray, Keerty

doi:10.1177/136078041101600303

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Empirically our focus here is on the attempts which were made in the 1990s and early 2000s to construct HIV/AIDS as a security issue. Our starting point is the recognition that by the middle of the last decade there was a widespread assumption that HIV/AIDS had been successfully securitized (Elbe, 2006(Elbe, , 2010Fidler, 2007;Maclean, 2008), 6 with the UN Security Council's January 2000 meeting on HIV/AIDS in Africa and its subsequent passing of Resolution 1308 being widely seen as evidence of successful securitization (e.g. Elbe, 2005;Prins, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS and securitization theory

McInnes

Rushton

2012

European Journal of International Relations

124

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This article uses an analysis of the securitization of HIV/AIDS as a basis for proposing three contributions to securitization theory. Beginning with an examination of some of the key debates which have taken place between the Copenhagen School and its critics, the article goes on to argue that the process of securitizing HIV/AIDS was in fact significantly more complex than has been generally recognized and, crucially, that a more nuanced reading of this case highlights a number of issues that are not well captured by the existing securitization theory literature. The first is that securitization can be a multi-level process, with distinct securitizing actors and audiences at each level. The second is that securitization can best be understood as a continuum rather than a binary condition, and that different members of an audience may place an issue at varying points along this spectrum. The third contribution we seek to make is an intervention in the debate over the role of empirical evidence in securitization, suggesting that claims about 'empirical reality' form a crucial part of securitizing speech acts, but that where doubts subsequently arise over the evidence for this 'reality', securitization can be undermined, a dynamic that we show in practice in the HIV/AIDS case.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS and securitization theory

McInnes

Rushton

2012

European Journal of International Relations

124

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“…Drawing upon the centrality of medical knowledge and disciplines within Foucault's oeuvre, Howell shows that it is redundant to think of health and security as two separate spheres that have recently come together. Health has not been 'securitised' (Davies, 2008;Kamradt-Scott and McInnes, 2012), nor security 'medicalised' (Elbe, 2010); instead, apparatuses of national and social security have historically permeated through and co-constituted each other. Howell provides historical examples of 'public hygiene' campaigns and psychiatric diagnoses being used to discipline and constitute the social body, demonstrating that medicine has never been separate from statecraft, before exploring the development of medical techniques during warfare which later crossed back into the domestic polity.…”

Section: The Unhealthy Matrix Of Health and Security And The Coming mentioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithmic autoimmunity in the NHS: Radicalisation and the clinic

Heath-Kelly

2016

Security Dialogue

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This article explores the extension of counter-radicalisation practice into the National Health Service (NHS). In the 2011 reformulation of the UK Prevent strategy, the NHS became a key sector for the identification and suppression of 'radicalisation'. Optometrists, dentists, doctors and nurses have been incorporated into counter-terrorism and trained to report signs of radicalisation in patients and staff. This article explores how calculative modalities associated with big data and digital analytics have been translated into the non-digital realm. The surveillance of the whole of the population through the NHS indicates a dramatic policy shift away from linear profiling of those 'suspect communities' previously considered vulnerable to radicalisation. Fixed indicators of radicalisation and risk profiles no longer reduce the sample size for surveillance by distinguishing between risky and non-risky bodies. Instead, the UK government chose the NHS as a preeminent site for counter-terrorism because of the large amount of contact it has with the public. The UK government is developing a novel counter-terrorism policy in the NHS around large-N surveillance and inductive calculation, which demonstrates a translation of algorithmic modalities and calculative regimes. This article argues that this translation produces an autoimmune moment in British security discourse whereby the distinction between suspicious and non-suspicious bodies has collapsed. It explores the training provided to NHS staff, arguing that fixed profiles no longer guide surveillance: rather, surveillance inductively produces the terrorist profile.

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“…The choice architect guides 'behaviour in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentives' (Thaler and Sunstein, 2009, p. 6). 1 In this sense, neoliberal homo oeconomicus is governed by his or her freedom to choose, invest and act in an environment that is 'artificially arranged' (Lemke, 2001, p. 200) to conduct their conduct towards the ends of neoliberal notions of security and population health (Elbe, 2010).…”

Section: Governing Through Freedom Towards Security: Food Labels As Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing through choice: Food labels and the confluence of food industry and public health discourse to create ‘healthy consumers’

Mayes

2014

Soc Theory Health

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Food industry and public health representatives are often in conflict, particularly over food labelling policies and regulation. Food corporations are suspicious of regulated labels and perceive them as a threat to free market enterprise, opting instead for voluntary labels. Public health and consumer groups, in contrast, argue that regulated and easy-to-read labels are essential for consumers to exercise autonomy and make healthy choices in the face of food industry marketing. Although public health and food industry have distinct interests and objectives, I argue that both contribute to the creation of the food label as a governmental strategy that depends on free-market logics to secure individual and population health. While criticism of 'Big Food' has become a growth industry in academic publishing and research, wider critique is needed that also includes the activities of public health. Such a critique needs to address the normalizing effect of neoliberal governmentality within which both the food industry and public health operate to reinforce individuals as 'healthy consumers'. Drawing on Michel Foucault's lectures at the Collège de France, I examine the food label through the lens of governmentality. I argue that the rationale operating through the food label combines nutrition science and free-market logics to normalize subjects as responsible for their own health and reinforces the idea of consumption as a means to secure population health from dietrelated chronic diseases.

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Security and Global Health

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

HIV/AIDS and securitization theory

HIV/AIDS and securitization theory

Algorithmic autoimmunity in the NHS: Radicalisation and the clinic

Governing through choice: Food labels and the confluence of food industry and public health discourse to create ‘healthy consumers’

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