Security Cafés: A Deliberative Democratic Method to Engage Citizens in Meaningful Two-Way Conversations with Security Authorities and to Gather Data

Puustinen, Alisa; Raisio, Harri; Valtonen, Vesa

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0069-5_15

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The security café is an adjusted deliberative democratic method deriving from the ideals of deliberative democracy and deliberative mini-publics (Puustinen et al 2020). Deliberative democracy is a form of democracy that values discussion, reflection, and consideration over simply voting or responding to a questionnaire (e.g., Yankelovich 1991; Chambers 2003), and is often seen as an umbrella term for a wide variety of innovative deliberative democratic processes (e.g., Nabatchi 2010).…”

Section: A Security Café As a Data Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A security café typically lasts for three to five hours and involves receiving information, facilitated small group deliberations, and the use of idea rating sheets. In previous projects, the security-café method has been used to involve ordinary citizens in deliberations on issues related to the domains of safety and security (e.g., asylum seeker policy and hybrid threats), and also to harvest the viewpoints of local and regional public authorities and NGO representatives on the co-creation of safety and security in Finland (see Puustinen et al 2020).…”

Section: A Security Café As a Data Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature also highlights whole-of-government approaches, such as the Swedish Total Defence concept (see e.g., Zweibelson et al 2017) and the Finnish Comprehensive Security concept (see e.g., Puustinen et al 2020). These approaches are based on the idea that complexity ought to be addressed by a range of actors, instead of by any single authority.…”

Section: Defining the Complexity (Of Warfare)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research data were collected through a security café. A security café is a deliberation and data collection method developed for security authorities and researchers to access the opinion of the general public on issues of importance to their safety and security (see Puustinen et al 2020). In this case, the method was modified to gather the views of the Finnish Defence Forces officers on complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“The security environment has always been complex!”: the views of Finnish military officers on complexity

2020

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The theoretical framework of complexity is beginning to attract wider attention in research on the armed forces, and consequently the views of those who face complexity on the ground should be explored in more detail. Failure to do so risks complexity remaining only a top-level theory lacking adequate connection to practice. This article seeks to address this issue through analyzing the views of Finnish military officers. Data for the research were gathered using a deliberation and data collection method called a security café. A total of 74 people, most of them holding the rank of captain in the army or air force or lieutenant senior grade in the navy, attended the security café. The data used in this research were elicited from 47 idea rating sheets, evaluated during the security café, and include both quantitative and qualitative data. The article analyzes those data to address the following questions in relation to the theoretical framework of the article: What kind of perceptions of the complexity of the security environment do officers hold? What kind of practices do officers consider fit the presumed complexity of the security environment? ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: A Security Café As a Data Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Security Café As a Data Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defining the Complexity (Of Warfare)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

“The security environment has always been complex!”: the views of Finnish military officers on complexity

2020

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“…The Security Café is a deliberation and data collection method developed for the use of security authorities and researchers to access the general public opinion on safety and security issues. It is based on the ideals of deliberative democracy, and the method derives from Citizens' Juries and World Cafés (Puustinen et al 2020). The study on Security Cafés showed that people are willing and able to participate in local security planning and information sharing (Jalava et al 2017).…”

Section: The Finnish Csm In a Nutshell: Securing The Vital Functions mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nordic Societal Security

Larsson¹,

Rhinard²

2020

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This book compares and contrasts publicly espoused security concepts in the Nordic region, and explores the notion of 'societal security'. Outside observers often assume that Nordic countries take similar approaches to the security and safety of their citizens. This book challenges that assumption and traces the evolution of societal security, and its broadly equivalent concepts, in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland. The notion of societal security is deconstructed and analysed in terms of its different meanings and implications for each country, through both country-and issue-focused studies. Each chapter traces the evolution of key security concepts and related practices, allowing for a comparison of similarities and differences between these four countries. Using discourses and practices as evidence, this is the first book to explore how different Nordic nations have conceptualised domestic security over time. The findings will be valuable to scholars from across the geographical and theoretical spectrum, while highlighting how Nordic security discourses and practices may deviate from traditional assumptions about Nordic values. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, Nordic politics, and International Relations.

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Co-Creating Safety and Security?: Analyzing the Multifaceted Field of Co-Creation in Finland

Raisio

Puustinen

Valtonen³

2021

International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters

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Complexity is said to be on the rise in the security environment and co-creation has been proposed as one of the ways to respond to this situation. Through co-creation, complexity is addressed by a plurality of actors and actions, instead of by any single authority or recipe. Such an approach is the main premise of the Finnish Concept for Comprehensive Security. This article seeks to answer the question of how co-creation occurs as part of societal safety and security functions in Finland and what kind of challenges and problems are involved therein. The focus of the article is on the regional and local levels of action and on the public-sector/civil-society interface. The data informing this study are 31 small-group discussions that took place in so-called security cafés. This article uses the modified ladder of safety and security co-creation derived from previous research to provide its analytical framework. The ladder of co-creation proved to be a useful analytical tool to address the phenomenon and to illustrate the multifaceted and context-dependent nature of safety and security co-creation. Results indicate that at present co-creation within the safety and security functions in Finland seems to focus more on action-oriented co-production. Citizens as volunteers participate in the functions of producing safety and security, but talk-centered, planning-oriented co-creation seems to be less common. The data also provide clear indications of the darker sides of co-creation. Co-creation may be symbolic and tokenistic in that it remains at a rhetorical level. The data also offer examples of co-contamination (the lowest level of the ladder of co-creation). These examples were related to the roles of spontaneous volunteers and emergent citizen groups.

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Security Cafés: A Deliberative Democratic Method to Engage Citizens in Meaningful Two-Way Conversations with Security Authorities and to Gather Data

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

“The security environment has always been complex!”: the views of Finnish military officers on complexity

“The security environment has always been complex!”: the views of Finnish military officers on complexity

Nordic Societal Security

Co-Creating Safety and Security?: Analyzing the Multifaceted Field of Co-Creation in Finland

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