“…Intellectual property rights (IPRs), the intangible carrier of knowledge and technology, are the grist to economic development and national competitiveness (Kant & Shahid, 2022). Intellectual property rights (IPRs) are the guarantee of creativity, innovation (Laplume et al, 2014;Olubiyi et al, 2022;Uyar et al, 2021), and the essential part of scientific and technological development (Wang, 2021). All countries in the world are continuing to promote the construction of IPRs systems, and enhance the development, operation, and protection capabilities of IPRs, improve the innovation level (Qayyum et al, 2022;Thakur-Wernz & Wernz, 2021), and promote the upgrading of export product quality (Dong et al, 2022).…”