Seed composition of non‐industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) varieties from four regions in northern Morocco

Abstract

This study aims to determine the chemical composition of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds of two varieties cultivated in four different regions of northern Morocco. The content of protein, insoluble fibre, ash, total phenols and flavonoids was found to be 19. 25%-24.18%, 26.40%-37.40%, 3.72%-5.39%, 134.57-199.90 mg 100g À1 and 39.40-69.54 mg 100g À1 respectively. Oil contents ranged from 26.42 to 35.19 g 100 g À1 of seeds in the four collection sites with variable oxidative stability at 100°C from 9.73 to 15.42 h. Total tocopherol content was between 376.46 and 796.06 mg kg À1 of oil, with a dominance of ctocopherol. Fatty acids consisted mainly of unsaturated fatty acids (87.30-88.96%) with a predominance of linoleic acid (48.26%-55.39%). Triacylglycerols (TAGs) composition analysis revealed the presence of 18 TAGs with an equivalent carbon number of 38-48. The composition of TAGs was predominated by LLL (14.34%-22.62%), OLL (12.77%-18.78%) and LLLn (12.32%-18.59%). Furthermore, the majority of the evaluated parameters were strongly influenced by the varietal factor, growing area and their interaction. The knowledge of this composition variability in seeds of non-industrial Cannabis sativa varieties cultivated in northern Morocco could be useful in new Cannabis variety breeding programmes potentially valuable as non-conventional oil in cosmetic and agro-industry.

Bioactive compounds from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds: optimization of phenolic antioxidant extraction using simplex lattice mixture design and HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS2 analysis

“…The works in the literature primarily concerned the evaluation of hemp seed oil composition. 3,4 We hypothesized in this study that Moroccan hemp seeds would exhibit high antioxidant phenolic content, and the application of response surface analysis could optimize their extraction. Therefore, the objectives of this work were (i) to characterize the phenolic prole of Moroccan hemp seeds and (ii) to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds with a higher antioxidant activity using a mixture design approach.…”

“… 2 Hemp seed oil is well known for its richness in polyunsaturated fatty acids. 3 It is also a good source of antioxidants, such as γ-tocopherol, 4 which could potentially prevent oxidative stress-related diseases. 5 Furthermore, several studies showed the richness of hemp seeds in bioactive compounds mainly located in the hulls 6 and remaining in the cake after oil extraction.…”

Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection

“…Consequently, analytical methods providing high chromatographic efficiency and resolution are highly demanded. The TAG analysis of hempseed oil by LC-MS has been poorly described in scientific literature [ 13 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. In most of the few cases reported, the analytical workflows were based on a preliminary LC separation, which allowed for the collection of the most abundant fractions, each corresponding to a single PN; then, the fractions were injected into a MS system for TAG identification and/or subjected to transesterification or enzymatic procedures to obtain the FA composition of each fraction.…”

“…In most of the few cases reported, the analytical workflows were based on a preliminary LC separation, which allowed for the collection of the most abundant fractions, each corresponding to a single PN; then, the fractions were injected into a MS system for TAG identification and/or subjected to transesterification or enzymatic procedures to obtain the FA composition of each fraction. In this way, only the most abundant species for each PN were identified [ 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Hemp seeds: Nutritional value, associated bioactivities and the potential food applications in the Colombian context

“…However, the climate and geographical area also influence the fatty acid composition. Taaifi et al evaluated the composition of hemp seed oil of two varieties of hemp grown in four different regions from Morocco and they could determine that the observed variability in the composition was not only related to the cultivar variety but also to the growing area and the interaction of the climatic conditions ( 32 ).…”