Seedling Quality: History, Application, and Plant Attributes

Grossnickle, Steven C.; MacDonald, Joanne E.

doi:10.3390/f9050283

Cited by 106 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Plants with higher root volume have higher survival and growth potential, since they are required for the absorption and transport of water and nutrients to the shoot [56,57]. Pinus cembroides characteristically has few lateral roots, but they are thicker which means they have larger reserves to grow, which can be useful in poor soils and with scarce precipitation (areas where this species commonly inhabits).…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics and Quality Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Substrates and Fertilization Doses in the Production of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in Nursery

Aispuro

Prieto-Ruíz

Aldrete

et al. 2020

Forests

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Rooting substrate and fertilization are key components in the production of containerized seedlings, as they can influence the morphological and physiological characteristics of the plants, which in turn can impact outplanting performance. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of four substrates based on mixtures of peat moss (PM), composted bark (CB) and raw pine sawdust (PS), combined with two doses of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) and one non-fertilized control, on the growth of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in the nursery. The treatments were: M1: 50+25+25, M2: 25+25+50, M3: 25+50+25 and M4: 50+50+0 of PM+ CB+ PS (% by volume), respectively. Fertilizer treatments used a controlled release fertilizer (Multicote®): F1: 3 kg m−3 and F2: 6 kg m−3 and a control (WF: with no added fertilizer). The treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design, with a factorial arrangement of 4 × 3 and six replications. The variables evaluated were: height, seedling diameter, dry biomass, Dickson Quality Index, N, P and K content. Regardless of the substrate, the high fertilizer dose (6 kg m−3) improved most morphological variables. In addition, the high fertilizer dose resulted in foliar N, P and K concentrations within recommended ranges for all substrates. The substrate containing only peat moss and composted bark (M4 + F1 and M4 + F2) had the best growth response. However, the substrate composed of 25% peat moss, 50% composted bark and 25% raw pine sawdust with the high fertilizer dose (M3 + F2) resulted in acceptable seedling growth, and may be preferred if the cost of the substrate is a concern to nursery manager.

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Section: Morphological Characteristics and Quality Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Substrates and Fertilization Doses in the Production of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in Nursery

Aispuro

Prieto-Ruíz

Aldrete

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…For example, the causes may be due to low quality of seedlings from the nursery, suboptimal handling during transport and storage, poor quality of chosen planting spots and planting procedures being poorly executed (cf. Grossnickle 2012;Grossnickle and MacDonald 2018). Various stressors may also severely affect planted seedlings, notably feeding by pine weevils (Hylobius abietis L.), which is a major threat if not prevented (Nordlander et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mechanical site preparation on regeneration success of planted conifers in clearcuts in Fennoscandia – a review

Sikström¹,

Hjelm²,

Hanssen³

et al. 2020

Silva Fenn.

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In the Nordic countries Finland, Norway and Sweden, the most common regeneration method is planting after clearcutting and, often, mechanical site preparation (MSP). The main focus of this study is to review quantitative effects that have been reported for the five main MSP methods in terms of survival and growth of manually planted coniferous seedlings of Norway spruce ( (L.) Karst.), Scots pine ( L.) and lodgepole pine ( var. Engelm.) in clearcuts in these three countries. Meta analyses are used to compare the effects of MSP methods to control areas where there was no MSP and identify any relationships with temperature sum and number of years after planting. In addition, the area of disturbed soil surface and the emergence of naturally regenerated seedlings are evaluated. The MSP methods considered are patch scarification, disc trenching, mounding, soil inversion and ploughing. Studies performed at sites with predominately mineral soils (with an organic topsoil no thicker than 0.30 m), in boreal, nemo-boreal and nemoral vegetation zones in the three Fenno-Scandinavian countries are included in the review. Data from 26 experimental and five survey studies in total were compiled and evaluated. The results show that survival rates of planted conifers at sites where seedlings are not strongly affected by pine weevil ( L.) are generally 80â90% after MSP, and 15â20 percent units higher than after planting in non-prepared sites. The experimental data indicated that soil inversion and potentially ploughing (few studies) give marginally greater rates than the other methods in this respect. The effects of MSP on survival seem to be independent of the temperature sum. Below 800 degree days, however, the reported survival rates are more variable. MSP generally results in trees 10â25% taller 10â15 years after planting compared to no MSP. The strength of the growth effect appears to be inversely related to the temperature sum. The compiled data may assist in the design, evaluation and comparison of possible regeneration chains, i.e. analyses of the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of multiple combinations of reforestation measures.Picea abiesPinus sylvestrisPinus contortalatifoliaHylobius abietis

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“…Таримал ой үүсэн бүрэлдэхэд ялангуяа ойжуулалт хийсний дараах эхний жилүүдэд таримал ойн амьдралт буурах, мал амьтны нөлөөнд нэрвэгдэх, өсөлт удаан явагдах зэрэг ихээхэн бэрхшээл тулгардаг. Ойжуулалтын ажлын үр дүн ойжуулалтын арга технологи [6], тарьц суулгацын чанар [7,8], тарилт хийх хугацаа [9], мал амьтан [10] болон цаг уур [11,12] зэрэг олон хүчин зүйлсээс хамаардаг болохын эрдэмтдийн судалгаа нотлон харуулдаг.…”

Section: оршилunclassified

Effect of climate factors on survival and growth of planted trees in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) plantations

Ganbaatar

Purevragchaa

Bat-Erdene

et al. 2019

Mong. J. Agric. Sci.

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This study was conducted in planted forests located in the Tujyin Nars National Park territory of Selenge province, Mongolia. We aimed at studying the effect of climate factors on seedling survival and tree growth at the Scots pine plantations. A total of five 50 x 20 m (0.1 ha) sized square sample plots were established at the plantations, planted between 2003 and 2007. All field measurements and data collection were carried out annually in September and October between 2003 and 2017. Annual field measurements of seedlings included: tree health status, diameter at stem basis, total height and annual height increments. We used climate data taken from the closest meteorological station (8-15 km to the north-west), “Sukhbaatar” located in Sukhbaatar Soum of Selenge province. To calculate the statistical analysis of the survival rate and seedling growth, we used the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) method to determine statistically significant differences in means among variables between the sites. An F-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to assess the relationships between climate variables and survival and tree growth. Our findings showed a significant difference (F=28.4, p<0.001) between seedling survival among plantations planted in different years of plantation establishment. The study revealed that there is a strong negative correlation (r=-0.76) between seedling survival and number of critical dry days, and contrary, strong positive correlation (r =0.71) with the precipitation for May. The increment of planted trees was more sensitive to air temperature (r = 0.47), annual rainfall (r = 0.72), air relative humidity and number of dry days during the first three years than in subsequent years. Таримал өсвөр нарсан (pinus sylvestris l.) ойн амьдралт, өсөлтөнд уур амьсгалын үзүүлэх нөлөө Хураангуй Тус судалгааг Сэлэнгэ аймгийн Алтанбулаг, Шаамар сумын нутагт ойжуулалтаар тарьж ургуулсан таримал нарсан ойд гүйцэтгэв. Судалгааны ажлын зорилго нь таримал ойн моддын амьдралт, өсөлтөнд уур амьсгалын үзүүлэх нөлөөг судлахад оршино. Судалгаанд 2003-2007 онуудад ойжуулсан таримал ойн мониторинг судалгааг 2003 -2017 онуудад жил бүр тасралтгүй гүйцэтгэлээ. Ойжуулсан талбай бүрд 50 х 20 м (1000 м2) хэмжээтэй дээж талбайг байгуулан, түүнд таримал модны эрүүл байдал, ишний өндөр, диаметрийн өсөлт болон титмийн өндрийг хэмжив. Ишний шинжилгээний дээжид модны өндрийн болон диаметрийн өсөлтийн хэмжилтийг хийсэн ба уур амьсгалын үзүүлэлтэд судалгааны талбайд хамгийн ойр (10 км) орших Сэлэнгэ аймгийн цаг уурын ажиглалтын “Сүхбаатар” станцын 2003-2017 оны хугацаанд дахь цаг уурын мэдээг ашиглав. Хэмжилтийн статистик үзүүлэлтүүдийг боловсруулахад нэг хүчин зүйлт вариансийн шинжилгээ (ANOVA), модны өндөр, диаметрийн өсөлтийн явц болон уур амьсгалын үзүүлэлтүүд хоорондын хамаарлыг Персоны корреляцын коэффициеитээр илэрхийлэв. Судалгааны үр дүнгээс үзвэл, ялгаатай цаг хугацаанд ойжуулсан талбайн моддын амьдралт статистикийн хувьд ялгаатай (F=28.4, p<0.001), ялангуяа 5-р сарын хэт хуурайшилттай өдрийн үргэлжлэх хугацаа (r=-0.76), ургамал ургалтын хугацааны агаарын температур, хур тунадасны нийлбэр (5-р сар r =0.71, 6- сар r=0.41, 7- сар r= 0.46) - тэй хүчтэй, эерэг хамааралтай байна. Ойжуулалтанд шилжүүлсний дараах тарьцын хоёр болон гурав дахь жилийн нийлбэр өндрийн өсөлт, жилийн дундаж агаарын температур (r = 0.47), диаметрийн өсөлт нь жилийн нийлбэр хур тунадастай (r = 0.72) эерэг, хүчтэй хамааралтай байна. Түлхүүр үг: Ойжуулалт,өндөр, диаметр, цаг уур, хамаарал

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Seedling Quality: History, Application, and Plant Attributes

Cited by 106 publications

References 90 publications

Alternative Substrates and Fertilization Doses in the Production of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in Nursery

Alternative Substrates and Fertilization Doses in the Production of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in Nursery

Influence of mechanical site preparation on regeneration success of planted conifers in clearcuts in Fennoscandia – a review

Effect of climate factors on survival and growth of planted trees in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) plantations

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