Segmentation procedures for the assessment of paranasal sinuses volumes

Abstract

Background The paranasal sinuses are complex anatomical structures, characterised by highly variable shape, morphology and size. With the introduction of multidetector scanners and the development of many post-processing possibilities, computed tomography became the gold standard technique to image the paranasal sinuses. Segmentation allows the extraction of metrical and shape data of these anatomical components that can be applied for diagnostic, education, surgical planning and simulation, and to plan minimally invasive interventions in otorhinolaryngology and neurosurgery. Discussion Our aim was to provide a review of the existing literature on segmentation, its types and application, and the data obtained from this procedure. The literature search was conducted on PubMed (including Medline), ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords as follows: ‘paranasal sinuses’, ‘frontal sinus’, ‘maxillary sinus’, ‘sphenoid sinus’, ‘ethmoid sinus’, in all possible combinations with the keywords ‘segmentation’ and ‘volumetric analysis’. Inclusion criteria were: articles written in English, on living human subjects, on the adult population and focused on paranasal sinuses analysis. Conclusion This article provides an overview of the types and main application of segmentation procedures on paranasal sinuses, and the results provided by the studies on this topic.

Convolutional neural network for automatic maxillary sinus segmentation on cone-beam computed tomographic images

“…Semi-automatic segmentation techniques still require operator intervention for manual threshold selection. Additionally, the manual adjustments of segmented structures also require a considerable amount of time and may induce operator-based errors 31 . For overcoming the above-mentioned limitations and to provide a reproducible and consistent technique, the present study aimed to develop and validate a novel automated maxillary sinus segmentation methodology on CBCT images using a CNN-based model.…”

Anatomical and Volumetric Analysis of the Sphenoid Sinus by Semiautomatic Segmentation of Cone Beam Computed Tomography

“…Previous volumetric investigations were carried out by analyzing computed tomography data. 7 Today, high-resolution CT and MRI provide accessible options for assessing this complex morphometry. 30 3D reconstruction offers volumetric analysis and enables an advanced presurgical planning.…”

“…Hence, size and volumetric measurements of the sphenoid sinus has been subject of several published studies. [6][7][8] Tomographic imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) are fundamental for preoperative investigation and planning. While several investigations analyzed the sphenoid sinus anatomy by CT images, CBCT has not been fully elucidated yet according to this issue.…”

“…While several investigations analyzed the sphenoid sinus anatomy by CT images, CBCT has not been fully elucidated yet according to this issue. [6][7][8] CBCT provides a validated and established imaging method for a precise 3D analysis in cranio-and maxillofacial surgery. In comparison to CT, patients are burdened with a lower radiation dose.…”

Volumetric growth analysis of maxillary sinus using computed tomography scan segmentation: a pilot study of Indonesian population

“…Paranasal sinuses are complex anatomical structured consist of aired area ethmoid, frontal, maxillary and sphenoid sinuses with significant variation of shape, morphology and size [ 1 , 2 ]. Evaluation of paranasal sinus abnormalities using computed tomography (CT) radiograph can be based on segmentation of the volume of the paranasal sinus cavities, including mucosal thickening which considered as an objective diagnostic criterion for chronic sinusitis [ 3 ].…”