Segmented Tetrasulfonated Copoly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)s: Improving Proton Transport Properties by Extending the Ionic Sequence

Abstract

The morphologies and proton-transport efficiencies of segmented copoly(arylene ether sulfone) ionomers that contain tetrasulfonated sequences are compared with the corresponding copolymers with disulfonated sequences. Tetrasulfonated 4,4'-bis[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-1,1'-biphenyl (sBCPSBP) is synthesized by metalation and sulfination. This new monomer is then used in K(2)CO(3)-mediated polycondensations of mixtures with 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (DCDPS) and 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl in dimethyl sulfoxide at 110 °C to prepare segmented copolymers with tetrasulfonated units. The corresponding disulfonated copolymers are prepared by using disulfonated DCDPS instead of sBCPSBP. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements of the fully aromatic copolymer membranes show ionomer peaks that indicate significantly larger characteristic separation lengths of the tetrasulfonated copolymers compared to those of the corresponding disulfonated copolymers with similar ionic contents. This implies a much more efficient phase separation of the ionic groups in the segmented tetrasulfonated copolymer membranes, especially at low-to-medium ionic contents. The enhanced phase separation has a pronounced positive effect on water uptake characteristics and proton transport properties. Under a reduced relative humidity (RH), the tetrasulfonated copolymer membranes show a significantly higher conductivity than the disulfonated ones, particularly at low-to-medium ionic contents. At an ion-exchange capacity of 1 meq g(-1), the conductivity of the tetrasulfonated copolymer membrane at 30 % RH is higher than that of the disulfonated membrane at 90 % RH. Because of their relative ease of synthesis, segmented copolymers based on well-designed multisulfonated monomers may provide a viable alternative to the more complex sulfonated block and graft copolymers for use as fuel-cell membranes.

Ion Transport by Nanochannels in Ion-Containing Aromatic Copolymers

“…Similar to this strategy, Jannasch and co-workers 85 incorporated a tetrasulfonated 4,4′-bis[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-1,1′-biphenyl monomer, synthesized by metalation and sulfonation to form densely sulfonated copolymers 17 (Scheme 5). 85 SAXS measurements of the aromatic copolymer membranes with tetrasulfonated units showed ionomer peaks with significantly larger characteristic separation lengths compared with those of the corresponding disulfonated copolymers having similar IEC values. This implies a more efficient phase separation of the ionic groups in the segmented tetrasulfonated copolymer membranes 17.…”

Facile Fabrication and Characterization of Improved Proton Conducting Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Biphenylether Sulfone) Blocks Containing Fluorinated Hydrophobic Units for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications

“…Therefore, sulfonated bis[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-biphenyl (BCPSBP) containing thiophene moiety as a hydrophilic oligomer can form steric hindrance, minimize interactions with radicals, and improve mechanical/thermal stabilities [14]. In addition, block copolymer containing hydrophobic oligomer with perfluorinated structure and hydrophilic oligomer is deduced as a strategy for the production of ideal PEM through lowering the volume change by water drift.…”

Fabrication of Binary Sulfonated Poly Ether Sulfone and Sulfonated Polyvinylidene Fluoride‐Co‐Hexafluoro Propylene Blend Membrane as Efficient Electrolyte for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

“…sBCPSBP was synthesized with the route reported in Refs . Hydrophilic fragment was synthesized using the similar route reported in Ref.…”