Segregation of Biomass in Cyclic Anaerobic/Aerobic Granular Sludge Allows the Enrichment of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria at Low Temperatures

Winkler, Mari K.H.; Kleerebezem, Robbert; Kuenen, J.G.; Yang, Jingjing; Loosdrecht, M.C.M. van

doi:10.1021/es201388t

Cited by 170 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although anammox bacteria are anaerobic bacteria and very slow growers, they have also been found in activated sludge systems, which is remarkable considering the generally aerobic conditions of activated sludge. Interestingly, these bacteria are slightly denser than activated sludge and so accumulate in the denser and faster settling fraction of activated sludge (Winkler et al, 2011). This has led to the use of hydro-cyclones on waste activated sludge streams, wasting only the light fraction of activated sludge and returning the denser fraction to the reactor (Wett et al, 2013).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

REVIEW - Recent developments in biological nutrient removal

Ekama¹

2015

WSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biological nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal from municipal wastewater with the activated sludge (AS) system has been the preferred technology for the last 40 years. While several questions remain to be answered for more consistent, reliable and stable performance for enhanced biological P removal (EBPR), recent developments in this technology have focused on (i) increasing capacity and reducing the plant space footprint and (ii) improving N removal. To increase capacity and reduce AS system space, (a) integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS), (b) external nitrification, (c) membrane, (d) aerobic granulation BNR systems and (e) more efficient N removal bioprocesses (anammox and nitrite shunt) have been developed. With IFAS, fixed media are added to the aerobic activated sludge reactor to make nitrification independent of the suspended AS sludge age. With external nitrification, nitrification is achieved in a side-stream fixed media reactor, which removes the size-defining nitrification process from the suspended AS system and halves its sludge age, improves sludge settleability and increases capacity. With membranes, secondary settling tanks are replaced with in-reactor membranes for solid-liquid separation. With aerobic granulation, the activated sludge process is controlled to form fastsettling granules comprising heterotrophs, nitrifiers, denitrifiers and phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in a sequencing batch (SBR) type reactor -the granules not only settle fast but the SBR-type operation also removes the need for secondary settling tanks allowing higher reactor solids concentrations and hence smaller reactors. To achieve N removal more efficiently, methods are being developed to (i) short-circuit nitrification-denitrification (ND) by preventing nitrate formation and enforcing ND over nitrite -this requires less oxygen and organics than ND over nitrate allowing lower N concentrations to be achieved for the same influent organics concentration and oxygen supply, and (ii) encouraging the growth of anammox bacteria in the activated sludge which remove N autotrophically by combining ammonia and nitrite to form nitrogen gas -this halves oxygen demand for nitrification and requires no organics. These recent developments in BNR technology are briefly reviewed in this paper.

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

REVIEW - Recent developments in biological nutrient removal

Ekama¹

2015

WSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The largest diameter reported is 16 mm (Zheng et al, 2006), but typically diameters range between 0.5-3 mm (de Kreuk and van Loosdrecht, 2004;Shi et al, 2009;Winkler et al, 2011b). The size distribution can be measured either by simple sieving tests or by means of an image analyser.…”

Section: Granular Biomass Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Methods in Wastewater Treatment

Loosdrecht¹,

Nielsen²,

López-Vázquez³

et al. 2016

Water Intelligence Online

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PrefaceWastewater treatment is a core technology for water resources protection and reuse, as is clearly demonstrated by the great success of its consequent implementation in many countries worldwide. During the last decennia scientific research has made vast progress in understanding the complex and interdisciplinary aspects of the biological, biochemical, chemical and mechanical processes involved. It can be concluded that the global application of existing knowledge and experience in wastewater treatment technology will represent a cornerstone in future water management, as expressed in the Strategic Development Goals accepted by the UN in September 2015.Only about one fifth of the wastewater produced globally is currently being adequately treated. To achieve the goal for sustainable water management by 2030 would require extra wastewater treatment facilities for about 600,000 people each day. I am convinced that this book will make its own significant contribution to meeting this ambitious goal.In the near future, most of the global population will live in cities and in low and middle-income countries, where most wastewater is not adequately treated. Probably the most limiting factor in achieving the goals for sustainable water management is the lack of qualified, well-trained professionals, able to comprehend the scientific research results and transfer them into practice. It is therefore of prime importance to make currently available scientific advances and proven experiences in wastewater treatment technology applications easily accessible worldwide. This was one of the drivers for the development of this book, which represents an innovative contribution to help overcome such a capacity development challenge. The book is most definitely expected to contribute to bridging the gaps between the science and technology, and their practical applications.The great collection of authors and reviewers represents an interdisciplinary team of globally acknowledged experts. The book will therefore make a major contribution to establishing a common professional language, enhancing global communication between wastewater professionals. In addition, the authors have linked the description of the scientific basis for wastewater treatment processes with a video-based online course for the training of students, researchers, engineers, laboratory technicians and treatment plant operators, demonstrating commonly accepted experimentation procedures and their application for lab-, pilot-, and full-scale treatment plant operation.From the perspective of the IWA this book also has the great potential to enhance the development of a new generation of researchers and enable them to communicate on a global scale and beyond their specific field of expertise. Both aspects are urgently needed to develop adapted solutions for specific local conditions and to make them globally available for implementation.There has been a trend for some time that scientific research and practice have been growing apart from each other. Part of the rea...

show abstract

“…A relevant number of these plants face the problem of nitrate build up, revealing the presence of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), as the weak point of the partial nitritation-anammox system stability . From previous studies, performed in a stable single stage partial nitritation-anammox granular biomass system, the appearance of NOB has been associated to the development of flocs or small granules (Winkler et al 2011;Morales et al 2016). However this observation is not of general application and NOB wash-out strategies have not been found yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biomass aggregation influences NaN3 short-term effects on anammox bacteria activity

Pedrouso

Campos

Méndez

et al. 2016

Water Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The main bottleneck to maintain the long term stability of the partial nitritation-anammox processes, especially those operated at low temperatures and nitrogen concentrations is the undesirable development of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). When this occurs, the punctual addition of compounds with the capacity to specifically inhibit NOB without affecting the process efficiency might be of interest. Sodium azide (NaN3) is an already known NOB inhibitor which at low concentrations does not significantly affect the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity. However, studies about its influence on anammox bacteria are unavailable. For this reason the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of NaN3 on the anammox activity. Three different types of anammox biomass were used: granular biomass comprising AOB and anammox bacteria (G1), anammox enriched granules (G2) and previous anammox granules disaggregated (F1). No inhibitory effect of NaN3 was measured on G1 sludge however the anammox activity decreased in the case of G2 and F1. Granular biomass activity was less affected (IC50 90 mg/L, G2) than flocculent one (IC50 5 mg/L, F1). Summing up not only the granular structure protects the anammox bacteria from the NaN3 inhibitory effect but also the AOB act as a barrier decreasing the inhibition.

show abstract

Segregation of Biomass in Cyclic Anaerobic/Aerobic Granular Sludge Allows the Enrichment of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria at Low Temperatures

Cited by 170 publications

References 29 publications

REVIEW - Recent developments in biological nutrient removal

REVIEW - Recent developments in biological nutrient removal

Experimental Methods in Wastewater Treatment

Biomass aggregation influences NaN3 short-term effects on anammox bacteria activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About