Seismic Data Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Kabirwala Area Tola (01) Well, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan

Abstract

Well logging is a significant procedure that assists geophysicists and geologists with making predictions regarding boreholes and efficiently utilizing and optimizing the drilling process. The current study area is positioned in the Punjab Territory of Pakistan, and the geographic coordinates are 30020′10 N and 70043′30 E. The objective of the current research work was to interpret the subsurface structure and reservoir characteristics of the Kabirwala area Tola (01) well, which is located in the Punjab platform, Central Indus Basin, utilizing 2D seismic and well log data. Formation evaluation for hydrocarbon potential using the reservoir properties is performed in this study. For the marked zone of interest, the study also focuses on evaluating the average water saturation, average total porosity, average effective porosity, and net pay thickness. The results of the study show a spotted horizon stone with respect to time and depth as follows: Dunghan formation, 0.9 s and 1080.46 m; Cretaceous Samana Suk formation, 0.96 s and 1174.05 m; Datta formation, 1.08 s and 1400 m; and Warcha formation, 1.24 s and 1810 m. Based on the interpretation of well logs, the purpose of petrophysical analysis was to identify hydrocarbon-bearing zones in the study area. Gamma ray, spontaneous potential, resistivity, neutron, and density log data were utilized. The high zone present in the east–west part of the contour maps may be a possible location of hydrocarbon entrapment, which is further confirmed by the presence of the Tola-01 well.

An integrated study for seismic structural interpretation and reservoir estimation of Sawan gas field, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

“…The primary benefits of petrophysical analysis are improved well-to-seismic ties and more reliable models of seismic response due to reservoir changes (vertically laterally, and temporally). This improved interpretation can reduce drilling risk, enhance field productivity, and ultimately increase asset value [ [6] , [7] , [8] ].…”

Three-dimensional Structural Modeling (3D SM) and Joint Geophysical Characterization (JGC) of Hydrocarbon Reservoir: A Case Study of the Kadanwari field in Middle Indus Basin (MIB), Southeastern Pakistan

“…Pakistan gas fields are only expected to last for about another 20 years at the most due to heavy industrial usage. Therefore, more characterization and re-evaluations of the already discovered petroleum systems are required to evaluate reservoirs prospects to meet the hydrocarbon requirements [2,[4][5][6][7].…”

“…Reservoir characterization is a scheme that quantifies the physical and fluid properties of rock, such as lithology, volume of shale (V shale ), average porosity (∅ avg ), effective porosity (∅ eff ), permeability (K), water saturation (S W ), and hydrocarbon saturation (S hc ) [1,2,6,[8][9][10][11]. It also includes understanding of reservoir structure, sedimentological heterogeneity, facies, and quantity of hydrocarbon that may exist in structural traps driven by tectonic movements, discontinuities like faults, folds anticlinal structures, horst and graben pop up geometries, and duplex structures [1,2,7,8,[12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

“…The Kadanwari field in MIB is a significant hydrocarbon producing field with early-late Cretaceous Lower Goru formation (LGF) acting as the potential reservoir. Many researchers used different techniques on distinct parts of reservoir characteristics of most promising hydrocarbon formations in Pakistan and primarily focused on the MIB and LIB [6,7,20,22,40,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]]. The regional subsurface structural style, such as orientation, geometry, and development of the fault system of the Miano and Kadanwari fields in MIB, was evaluated by Saif-Ur-Rehman et al [7].…”

“…The stratigraphic pinch-out traps within the lower-cretaceous shaly-sandstone system in MIB were evaluated by [51] using 3D quantitative seismic inverted porosity and velocity modeling. Moreover, [6,22,42,43,47,50] used petrophysical modeling based on geophysical logs to understand the reservoir properties and hydrocarbon potential. The systematic review of prospective observational studies found that the Kadanwari field in MIB has not received emerging conclusions for understanding the complex depositional environment using integrated approach (e.g., joint representation and parameterization of 3D geological structural, seismic attributes, and petrophysical characteristics).…”