SUMMARYThis paper presents a method and results of seismic fragility estimation of frame structures with friction devices and with friction devices and restrictors. The seismic intensity parameter, de"ned as the mean value of the pseudovelocity spectrum in a speci"ed periods band, is proved to allow the use of linear regression analysis of the response parameters of the considered non-linear structures on seismic intensity. A simpli"ed method of fragility estimation is proposed, based on the concept of &mean seismic excitation' and linear regression of the seismic response parameters on seismic intensity parameter. The key risk contributors for the system with friction devices and for the system with friction devices and restrictors are identi"ed on the basis of the fragility analysis, and recommendations for improvement of the seismic response of the respective systems are derived. The results of the fragility study show that when the initial &bare' frame is retro"tted by rigidly connected bracings the e!ect is much lower than in the case of connecting the bracings by friction devices and especially by friction devices and restrictors.