Selected physicochemical aspects of poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances relevant to performance, environment and sustainability—Part one

Krafft, Marie Pierre; Riess, Jean G.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.08.039

Cited by 225 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Common examples of PFAAs include perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). These terminal end products are extremely stable once released to the environment, and are the primary driver of PFAS risk concerns at present (Krafft and Riess, 2015). However, nearly all other PFASs can be considered precursors to PFAAs, and these precursors can include the fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and mono- and di-substituted polyfluoroalkyl phosphates (monoPAPs, diPAPs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and associations with behavioral attributes

et al. 2017

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The ubiquitous use of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a variety of industrial and consumer products has resulted in chronic exposure in most industrialized nations, and led to measurable concentrations in blood and other tissues in humans across all life stages; however, behavioral attributes that relate to exposure are not well studied. To further investigate how behavior may relate to PFAS exposure, 37 adults were recruited from central North Carolina. Participants provided blood samples and behavioral questionnaires were administered, asking questions about a variety of household, dietary, and behavioral outcomes. Six PFAAs, including PFHxA (geometric mean: 0.14 ng/mL), PFOA (1.57 ng/mL), PFNA (0.67 ng/mL), PFDA (0.28 ng/mL), PFHxS (3.17 ng/mL) and PFOS (4.96 ng/mL) were detected in > 50% of the samples. Generally, males had higher serum levels than females across all chemicals, and levels were very similar to NHANES levels; however, PFHxS and PFDA levels were higher in our cohort. Several personal characteristics and behaviors were associated with serum PFAS levels. Reported use of filtration devices was associated with lower levels of PFOA (28% lower, p=0.03), but higher levels of PFHxA (122% higher, p=0.04). Serum PFHxS levels were also elevated in individuals that vacuumed less often, and in individuals that reported consuming more microwavable foods. These results suggest that personal behaviors may be important determinants of PFAS exposures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and associations with behavioral attributes

et al. 2017

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“…The high Hansch parameter (p R = 1.44) [3] of the CF 3 Sg roup affords ah igh lipophilicity to trifluoromethylthiolated molecules, thereby contributing to the better transmembrane permeability of CF 3 S-substituted molecules and, consequently,their improved bioavailability. [4] Besides trifluoromethylated substituents, higher perfluorinated groups can also be characterized by interesting properties that are useful for variousa pplications, [5] as demonstrated by Fulvestrant with regard to an estrogen receptor antagonist used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. [6] Consequently,the synthesis of perfluoroalkylthiolated compounds couldb eofs ome interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal‐Free Direct Nucleophilic Perfluoroalkylthiolation with Perfluoroalkanesulfenamides

et al. 2016

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We report herein ap ractical method to generate CF 3 S À and R F S À anions in situ from shelf-stabler eagents, which werei nitially designed for electrophilic reactions. With an "iodidea ctivation"s tep, these in situ released anionsc an directly participate in metal-free nucleophilic substitution reactions with the loss of variousl eaving groups. Our method is compatible with variousf unctional groups and provides good yields. With this strategy, the first directn ucleophilic perfluoroalkylthiolation reactions have been described.

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“…They are widely used in various industrial and consumer applications, mainly thanks to their unique ability to repel both water and oil. As a consequence, these compounds show a global distribution all over the world and have been detected not only in environment samples [16,17] but also in human blood [18,19]. It show persistence in the environment [20] and some of them are related to different carcinogenic actions [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%