Selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to examine selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia. Seventy five female goats were used and divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 57) (blood serum glucose levels were within the physiological range), Group 2 (n = 11) (serum glucose values were low) and Group 3 (n = 7) (serum glucose values were high). Goats in Groups 2 and 3 were diagnosed with pregnancy toxaemia. Apart from serum glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), triglycerides, blood pH, calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), potassium (K), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in all animals. In Group 3 average Hp and SAA values were found to be significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in Groups 1 and 2, and also higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. Acute phase proteins in goats with pregnancy toxaemia may be used in the course and the prognosis of the disease. The evaluation of acute phase proteins is useful and also quicker in cases of suspected pregnancy intoxication.

Clinico-biochemical Examination of Pregnant Toxemic Goats with Special Emphasis on the Enzymatic and Hormonal Pattern

“…Pregnancy toxemic goats in the present study showed a significant increase in the serum GGT, which was attributed to damage in liver parenchyma. Our results are confirmed by ultrasonographic examination of the liver in goats with PT which showed an increase in the echogenicity mainly "fatty liver" (Tontis and Zwahlen, 1987) which confirmed by postmortem findings in dead cases,the liver was pale yellow, slightly swollen and friable, similar results recorded by (Albay et al, 2014;Abba et al, 2015). Histopathologically, the liver showed fat globules distending the hepatocyte nuclei to the periphery with moderate lipidosis.…”

Successful Medical Management of Pregnancy Toxemia in Goats

“…Urine analysis showed aciduria and ketonuria in the present study might be due to increase the glucose demand than the dietary supply in pregnancy leading to increase the mobilization of long chain fatty acids from adipose tissues a marked rise in circulating non esterified fatty acid and ketone bodies, which in return, descend in urine (Gonzalez et al, 2011;Albay et al, 2014).…”

Energetic metabolism in fasting sheep: regularization of metabolic profile by treatment with oral glucose, with prior handling of gastric groove

“…Under conditions of insufficient energy supply, alimentary ketogenesis decreases and the rate of hepatic ketogenesis from NEFA increases disproportionately (Albay et al, 2014). The liver now becomes the main and eventually almost the sole ketogenic organ.…”

“…Such metabolic changes are associated with marked increases in the mobilization rate of the long-chain fatty acids of adipose tissues and a marked rise in circulating concentrations of NEFA and ketones. During hyperketonaemia, ketone bodies are readily oxidised, serving as fuel for energy production (Albay et al, 2014;Cal-Pereyra et al, 2015a).…”

“…Besides, in late gestation, fat and an ever-expanding uterus, as a result of foetal growth, can fill the abdominal cavity. Therefore, due to the lack of rumen space, these ewes have difficulty consuming enough feedstuff to satisfy their energy requirements (Albay et al, 2014, Lima et al, 2016, causing a decrease of 30% feed intake during the week prior to calving (Hippen et al, 2008;Lima et al, 2016). Trying to compensate this negative energy balance, ewes mobilize their body reserves of fat and proteins with consequent hepatic ketogenesis Energetic metabolism in fasting sheep: regularization of metabolic profile by treatment with oral glucose... Martín-Alonso et al (Cal-Pereyra et al, 2012;Dzadzovski et al, 2015).…”