Selected Topics in Biological Control

Schroth, M. N.; Hancock, J. G.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.35.100181.002321

Cited by 167 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…Bacteria known as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) [9] that colonize root, can enhance shoot emergence and stimulate plant growth through production of auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins [10], induce plant defense mechanisms, produce antibiotic, out-compete pathogens and improve soil structure [11][12][13]14]. The faculty to infect and colonize roots has been considered the major factor that determine inoculum efficacy both for crop yield enhancement and for disease control [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Variations of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Carob Tree (Ceratonia Siliqua L.)

Konaté¹

2014

AJLS

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Abstract:We aimed to characterize 83 endophytic bacteria isolated from roots (73 isolates coded IRC) and epicotyls (11 isolates coded IEC) of young Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) seedlings. These seedlings were obtained from seeds collected in several regions in Morocco. 30 IRC and 4 IEC were selected on the basis of PCR-Pep for the further analyses. All the strains exhibited a wide tolerance to NaCl and 30 % tolerated well concentration up to 11 % NaCl. Strains showed also a wide tolerance to the variable pH. 60 % of strains grew well at pH4. Most of the strains were resistant to different antibiotics but were sensitive to kanamycin and tetracycline. The strains showed a resistance to heavy metals except mercury chloride that was toxic at a low concentration 50 µg.ml-1. According to their phenotypical features, the associative bacteria were very similar to eight symbiotic bacteria previously identified by Missbah in 1996 and used in this work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Variations of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Carob Tree (Ceratonia Siliqua L.)

Konaté¹

2014

AJLS

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“…Certain strains of fluorescent pseudomonads, when applied to planting material or soil, can provide biological control of root pathogens (1,7,13,42,44,45,49). These beneficial pseudomonads colonize the root system and protect it against pathogens, thereby improving plant growth and yield (7,13,44,45,48).…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of a phenazine antibiotic from Pseudomonas fluorescens in biological control of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

1988

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Pseudomonasfluorescens 2-79 (NRRL B-15132) and its rifampin-resistant derivative 2-79RN10 are suppressive to take-all, a major root disease of wheat caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Strain 2-79 produces the antibiotic phenazine-l-carboxylate, which is active in vitro against G. graminis var. tritici and other fungal root pathogens. Mutants defective in phenazine synthesis (Phz-) were generated by TnS insertion and then compared with the parental strain to determine the importance of the antibiotic in take-all suppression on wheat roots. Six independent, prototrophic Phz-mutants were noninhibitory to G. graminis var. tritici in vitro and provided significantly less control of take-all than strain 2-79 on wheat seedlings. Antibiotic synthesis, fungal inhibition in vitro, and suppression of take-all on wheat were coordinately restored in two mutants complemented with cloned DNA from a 2-79 genomic library. These mutants contained TnS insertions in adjacent EcoRI fragments in the 2-79 genome, and the restriction maps of the region flanking the insertions and the complementary DNA were colinear. These results indicate that sequences required for phenazine production were present in the cloned DNA and support the importance of the phenazine antibiotic in disease suppression in the rhizosphere.

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“…The reasons may be that plant disease suppression by biocontrol agents is governed by a multitude of factors. The influence of these factors varies with the type of biocontrol agent, plant cultivar and the nature of the pathogen targeted for control (Schroth & Hancock, 1981). Besides, there are different action modes of biocontrol candidate, such as inhibition of the pathogen by antimicrobial compounds (antibiosis), and induction of plant resistance mechanisms (Whipps, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antifungal activity of an actinomycete strain against Alternaria spp.

Gao

Wang

2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler is a phytopathogenic fungus responsible for tobacco brown spot disease. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal activity of strain 163 against A. alternata and clarify its taxonomic status. The evaluation of the antifungal activity of strain 163 and its bacteria-free filtrate of fermentation broth was done through measuring the diameters of inhibition zones, and testing the antimicrobial spectrum and the inhibition effect on mycelial growth in vitro. The biocontrol activity of the bacteria-free filtrate in vivo was evaluated by using detached tobacco leaves method and assaying the inhibition rate to disease incidence in growth chamber. A polyphasic approach was taken in the identification of strain 163. The bacterial strain 163 showed inhibitory effect in vitro against A. alternata. The bacteria-free filtrate of the strain 163 fermentation broth showed a 56.7% inhibition rate in a detached leaf assay. In growth chamber conditions, it showed greater biocontrol activity when applied before plants being inoculated with A. alternata than after, the inhibition rate being 46.05%. Investigations into the morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical properties of strain 163 found it to be most similar to Streptomyces microflavus. Its classification into cell wall type I and sugar type C further confirmed its Streptomyces characteristics. Construction of a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA verified that strain 163 was most closely related to Streptomyces microflavus. From polyphasic taxonomical analysis, strain 163 was found to be identical to S. microflavus.

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Selected Topics in Biological Control

Cited by 167 publications

References 0 publications

Phenotypic Variations of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Carob Tree (Ceratonia Siliqua L.)

Phenotypic Variations of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Carob Tree (Ceratonia Siliqua L.)

Role of a phenazine antibiotic from Pseudomonas fluorescens in biological control of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

Identification and antifungal activity of an actinomycete strain against Alternaria spp.

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