Selection Evaluation of Introgressive Lines of Soft Winter Wheat With Signs of Resistance to Phytopathogens

Abstract

Resistance to common diseases has been studied and a selection assessment has been made of improved introgressive lines created by repeated crossing of amphiploids, primitive lines or collection specimens with modern varieties of soft winter wheat. There is a low frequency of combining group stability with high yield and grain quality. It was found that the genetic environment of some introgressive lines is favorable for the positive effect of rye translocation 1BL.1RS on both economically valuable and adaptive traits in the south of Ukraine and the possibility of combining with other resistance genes. There was no correlation of resistance to powdery mildew, leaf and stem rust with yield both in the absence and presence of natural infectious background and a weak positive relationship (Rsp = 0.26 **) yield with resistance to Septoria and yellow rust in only one variant of the experiment. In most cases, there is a weak significant positive correlation between resistance with protein content and weight of 1000 grains, as well as between the resistance of the lines to various diseases, which is obviously a consequence of artificial selection for group resistance. Selected selection lines (E2792_14, AIL1161_16, E218_09, E212_09, AIL1073_16) with foreign polygenic complexes of resistance to rust diseases, high values of weight of 1000 grains, protein content, as well as morphological features; which are characterized by high productivity, adaptability, tolerance to low agrophones, baking quality. The lines are devoid of many negative qualities inherent in wild species, can be a promising source of resistance to these diseases and are of interest for further breeding work in southern Ukraine, provided the preservation of foreign gene complexes.