Selection of a simulation method

Elimelech, Menachem; Gregory, Jonathon K.; Jia, Xiaodong; Williams, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-0743-8.50011-x

Cited by 135 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The effect of changing ionic strength on the surface charge and transport behaviour of Map is consistent with the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory of colloidal stability (Elimelech et al. 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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The transport ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisthrough saturated aquifer materials

Bolster

Cook

Haznedaroğlu

et al. 2009

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To investigate the processes controlling the transport of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) through aquifer materials. Methods and Results: We measured two important surface characteristics known to affect bacterial attachment to sediment surfaces: surface charge and hydrophobicity. We then measured the transport of Map through laboratory columns packed with aquifer sand with varying ionic strength solutions and sediment surface charge. We found that Map has a strong negative charge and is highly hydrophobic and that the transport of Map through positively charged Fe‐coated sands was reduced compared with transport through negatively charged clean quartz sand, although Map transport for all treatments was low compared with the transport behaviour reported in the literature for other bacteria. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the potential for groundwater contamination by Map is low; however, the organism may remain bound to the soil near the surface where it can be ingested by grazing animals or be released during run off events. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first study looking at the surface characteristics and transport behaviour of Map through aquifer materials and therefore provides important information for understanding the movement of Map in the environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Measurements were repeated 12 times. The experimentally determined electrophoretic mobility values were converted to zeta potential values using the Smoluchowski equation (Elimelech et al. 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transport ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisthrough saturated aquifer materials

Bolster

Cook

Haznedaroğlu

et al. 2009

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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“…Furthermore, since the aggregation rate has a second-order dependency on particle concentration [69], the sample with high MNP concentration has higher tendency to aggregate, leading to the formation of large particle clusters. Therefore, the initial efforts for MNP characterization by using DLS should focus on the determination of the optimal working concentration.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of magnetic nanoparticle by dynamic light scattering

et al. 2013

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Here we provide a complete review on the use of dynamic light scattering (DLS) to study the size distribution and colloidal stability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The mathematical analysis involved in obtaining size information from the correlation function and the calculation of Z-average are introduced. Contributions from various variables, such as surface coating, size differences, and concentration of particles, are elaborated within the context of measurement data. Comparison with other sizing techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy and dark-field microscopy, revealed both the advantages and disadvantages of DLS in measuring the size of magnetic nanoparticles. The self-assembly process of MNP with anisotropic structure can also be monitored effectively by DLS.

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“…NMs give rise to new challenges for the development and implementation of fate models. Nanoparticles in aqueous dispersions are colloids and are, thus, contrary to chemicals never in thermodynamic equilibrium [ 37 ]. As discussed above, the fate of NMs is determined by several processes, which are best described by rates of a change rather than equilibrium.…”

Section: The Environmental Risk Assessment Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment Strategy for Nanomaterials

Scott-Fordsmand

Peijnenburg

Semenzin

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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An Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) for nanomaterials (NMs) is outlined in this paper. Contrary to other recent papers on the subject, the main data requirements, models and advancement within each of the four risk assessment domains are described, i.e., in the: (i) materials, (ii) release, fate and exposure, (iii) hazard and (iv) risk characterisation domains. The material, which is obviously the foundation for any risk assessment, should be described according to the legislatively required characterisation data. Characterisation data will also be used at various levels within the ERA, e.g., exposure modelling. The release, fate and exposure data and models cover the input for environmental distribution models in order to identify the potential (PES) and relevant exposure scenarios (RES) and, subsequently, the possible release routes, both with regard to which compartment(s) NMs are distributed in line with the factors determining the fate within environmental compartment. The initial outcome in the risk characterisation will be a generic Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC), but a refined PEC can be obtained by applying specific exposure models for relevant media. The hazard information covers a variety of representative, relevant and reliable organisms and/or functions, relevant for the RES and enabling a hazard characterisation. The initial outcome will be hazard characterisation in test systems allowing estimating a Predicted No-Effect concentration (PNEC), either based on uncertainty factors or on a NM adapted version of the Species Sensitivity Distributions approach. The risk characterisation will either be based on a deterministic risk ratio approach (i.e., PEC/PNEC) or an overlay of probability distributions, i.e., exposure and hazard distributions, using the nano relevant models.

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Selection of a simulation method

Cited by 135 publications

References 75 publications

The transport ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisthrough saturated aquifer materials

The transport ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisthrough saturated aquifer materials

Characterization of magnetic nanoparticle by dynamic light scattering

Environmental Risk Assessment Strategy for Nanomaterials

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