Selection of barrier materials from molecular structure

Lee, W. M.

doi:10.1002/pen.760200111

Cited by 370 publications

(168 citation statements)

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“…The data for these materials appear to be correlated fairly well in terms of the "specific free volume" discussed by Lee (52).…”

Section: Directions In the Search For New Barrier Materialsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Barrier Polymers and Structures: Overview

1990

ACS Symposium Series

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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the papers presented at the symposium on Barrier Polymers and Barrier Structures that was sponsored by the Polymer Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society at the Spring 1989 meeting. A total of nineteen papers from the symposium are included in this volume. Topics covered include barrier transport fundamentals, advanced composite structures, reactive surface treatments and the effects of orientation on barrier properties. Relationships between polymer molecular structure and barrier efficacy are also treated in detail. Time and history dependent phenomena associated with retorting of barrier laminates are discussed from the standpoint of theoretical modeling and experimental characterization of the barrier layers. The effects of concentration dependent diffusion, flavor scalping and nonFickian transport phenomena are also discussed. The coverage, therefore, is broad while providing sufficient depth to provide a state-of-the-art update on the major technical issues facing the barrier packaging field.The development of efficient packaging materials and containers has allowed the evolution of the modern market system based on concentrated production facilities supplying individuals residing far from the ultimate source of products. The goal of the packaging industry has been to provide increasingly more cost effective means of preserving the quality of materials with as close to their as-produced natures as possible.Modern packaging is a sophisticated technology rooted deeply in fundamental polymer science. Nevertheless, the sheer size and competitiveness of the packaging industry also makes it an extremely practical field with an eye to applying polymer science to achieve the bottom line of cost and barrier efficiency. This book seeks to BARRIER POLYMERS AND STRUCTURESreflect the dual nature of this technology by presenting fundamental principles along with complementing discussions of applications of these principles by leaders in the field.Many excellent reviews of the fundamental processes by which small molecules penetrate between the segments comprising a polymeric film are available (1-10). These reviews, coupled with past symposia publications related to barriers and the allied field of membranes (11-18) should allow a newcomer to the field to rapidly gain the needed background to become an active participant in this dynamic technology.The chapters in the present book reflect the current research and development directions of active university and industrial participants in the barrier field.The overview provided by this first chapter gives a framework for appreciating the more detailed subsequent discussion of topics that are at the cutting edge of this evolving technology. Therefore, it is anticipated that this book will be of interest to both the current expert and the newcomer to the field. FundamentalsIn addition to providing a container to prevent scattering and bulk phase mixing of components, modern packages control the exchange of compo...

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“…The data for these materials appear to be correlated fairly well in terms of the "specific free volume" discussed by Lee (52).…”

Section: Directions In the Search For New Barrier Materialsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Barrier Polymers and Structures: Overview

1990

ACS Symposium Series

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“…V w is the van der Waals volume calculated using the group contribution method of Bondi. [34][35][36] According to Bondi, a good approximation of relation between V 0 and V w is given by eq 4, and the results are given in Table 3. The FFV varied from a minimum of 0.09 for DSPIM2-100 to a maximum of 0.26 for PIM-1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Derived from Novel Disulfone-Based Monomers

et al. 2009

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The synthesis of three novel disulfone-based monomers from readily available hexafluorobenzene and thiols for the preparation of homopolymers and copolymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) is described. The disulfonyl-based PIMs derived from 5,5 0 ,6,6 0 -tetrahydroxy-3,3,3 0 ,3 0 -tetramethylspirobisindane (TTSBI) with tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFTPN) and disulfone-based monomers were prepared at high temperature (160°C) within 1 h. Three new copolymers (monomer molar ratio of TTSBI and disulfonebased monomers=3:1) show a good combination of properties, such as excellent film-forming characteristics and gas transport properties. Compared with a previously reported microporous nitrile-based homopolymer, referred to as PIM-1, the present sulfone-based copolymers have higher gas selectivities for O 2 /N 2 and CO 2 / N 2 , while showing some reduction in pure-gas permeabilities. The relationship between the structure and gas permeation behavior of the copolymers is discussed.

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“…The disrupted chain packing is also validated by the fractional free volume (FFV) and the packing density (PD). FFV was calculated using the following relationship: 38 whereV f is the free volume, V sp is the specific volume, and V w is the specific van der Waals volume, calculated using the group contribution method of Bondi. 39,40 PD was calculated using 41 PD and FFV data are also listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Scheme 4 Synthesis Of Tm6fpsf-s-tms Scheme 5 Synthesis Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfones Containing Both Hexafluoroisopropylidene and Trimethylsilyl Groups as Gas Separation Membrane Materials

Dai¹,

Guiver²,

Robertson³

et al. 2004

Macromolecules

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/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=8906267&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=8906267&lang=frAccess and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma035739i Macromolecules, 37, 4, pp. 1403Macromolecules, 37, 4, pp. -1410Macromolecules, 37, 4, pp. , 2004 Preparation and characterization of polysulfones containing both hexafluoroisopropylidene and trimethylsilyl groups as gas separation membrane materials Dai, Y.; Guiver, Michael; Robertson, Gilles; Kang, Y.; Lee, Kunchan; Jho, J. Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea; and Hyperstructured Organic Materials Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea Received November 19, 2003; Revised Manuscript Received December 16, 2003 ABSTRACT: Trimethylsilylated derivatives of hexafluoropolysulfone (6FPSf) and tetramethylhexafluoropolysulfone (TM6FPSf) were prepared by reaction of lithiated polymer intermediates with halotrimethylsilane electrophiles for a membrane gas separation study to compare improvements in gas permeabilities with those of unmodified polymers. Ortho sulfone substituted 6FPSf and TM6FPSf having pendant trimethylsilyl (TMS) groups were obtained by a two-step process involving first direct lithiation of 6FPSf and TM6FPSf solutions with n-butyllithium to afford ortho sulfone dilithiated intermediates, followed by reaction with a TMS electrophile. The corresponding ortho ether 6FPSf derivative was obtained by lithiation of dibrominated 6FPSf at the bromine sites, followed by reaction with a TMS electrophile. The degree of substitution (DS) of the TMS groups was g2.0 and was dependent on the molar ratio of n-butyllithium and electrophile quantity, electrophile reactivity, and reaction conditions. Detailed structural characterization and DS of the modified polymers were obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The glass transition temperatures and thermal stabilities were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Polymer chain d-spacing was investigated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Polymer free volume was calculated from the polymer density and specific van der Waals volume. The polymer gas permeability coefficients (P) were measured for He, CO 2,O 2, and N2. Both CO2 and O2 permeabilities of modified 6FPSf increased by 8-9-fold (P(CO2) ) 110 barre...

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Selection of barrier materials from molecular structure

Cited by 370 publications

References 0 publications

Barrier Polymers and Structures: Overview

Barrier Polymers and Structures: Overview

Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Derived from Novel Disulfone-Based Monomers

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfones Containing Both Hexafluoroisopropylidene and Trimethylsilyl Groups as Gas Separation Membrane Materials

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