Selection of Optimum Parameters for Extraction of Phenolic Compounds From the Herb of Cichorium Intybus L.

Abstract

Relevance. The selection of optimal parameters for the extraction of plant raw materials is one of the key tasks to ensure a high yield of biologically active substances in the resulting extract. When obtaining plant extracts, it is necessary to ensure the efficiency of ongoing technological operations, as well as to use reagents, the use of which is economically feasible. It is of interest to study and select the optimal parameters for obtaining an extract from raw materials of Cichorium intybus L. fam. Asteraceae. When studying the scientific patent literature, it was found that the existing methods for obtaining an extract of chicory involve multiple extraction and the use of mainly chicory root as a raw material. It is important to obtain a dry extract from chicory herb, which ensures a reduction in the extraction time and the use of solvents in the technological process, which can be used both in extraction and in the purification of the resulting extract - water and ethyl alcohol. The use of selected optimal extraction parameters can make it possible to obtain concentrated extracts from chicory raw materials containing high concentrations of biologically active substances (phenolic compounds). Purpose: selection of optimal parameters for the extraction of phenolic compounds from the herb Cichorium intybus L. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the dried herb of C. intybus L. The optimal parameters for the extraction of the studied herb of C. intybus L. were determined (the nature and concentration of the extractant, the fineness of the raw material, the ratio between the mass of the raw material and the volume of the extractant, the extraction temperature, the extraction time, the extraction ratio), and the quantitative content of phenolic compounds was also established. Results. It has been established that the optimal extractant for extracting phenolic compounds from the herb of C. intybus L. is 70% ethyl alcohol, the optimal grinding of the raw material is 1 mm, the optimal ratio between the mass of the raw material and the volume of the extractant is 1:10, the optimal extraction temperature is 80 ℃, the optimal extraction time – 1.5 h, the optimal multiplicity of extraction – single. The use of selected optimal parameters makes it possible to obtain an extract from the herb of C. intybus L., which is characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds. The extract from the herb of C. intybus L. subjected to thickening and drying is a dry extract of the herb of C. intybus L. The obtained dry extract of chicory herb was standardized according to the following quality indicators: organoleptic characteristics, solubility, technological parameters, content of biologically active substances. It was determined that the obtained dry extract of the herb of C. intybus L. contains high concentrations of phenolic compounds (in particular, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids). Conclusion. The optimal parameters for the extraction of biologically active substances from the Cichorium intybus L. herb have been selected, which make it possible to obtain the final product – the dry extract of chicory herb, which is a source of natural antioxidants of a phenolic nature, which can later be recommended for use in the production of biologically active food supplements based on it.