Selection of sustainable material for the manufacturing of complex automotive products using a new hybrid Goal Programming Model for Best Worst Method–Proximity Indexed Value method

Abstract

Selection of the most suitable sustainable material to fulfill the requirements of a product in a specific application is a complex task. Material selection problems are basically multi-criteria decision making problems as selection of the optimal material is based on the evaluation of conflicting criteria. Considering the limitations such as ranking reversal problem of the various multi-criteria decision making methods available in the literature, a combination of two recently developed techniques, i.e. the Goal Programming Model for Best Worst Method and Proximity Indexed Value method, is employed in the present study. This hybrid method was used for selection of the best possible material for manufacturing of a complex automobile part for which F1 race car as advanced automotive and its gearbox casing as sensitive part was used. Available alternative materials considered in the present study are alloys of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and carbon fiber/epoxy laminate. Whereas, criteria affecting gearbox casing’s performance are tensile strength/density, cost, stiffness, damping capacity, thermal conductivity, and sustainable criteria, such as CO2 emission and recycling energy. Goal Programming Model for Best Worst Method is used to determine weights of the criteria and Proximity Indexed Value method is employed for final selection of material. Furthermore, ranking of alternatives was also supported by other multi-criteria decision making methods namely, range of value, weighted product model, simple additive weighting, the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution, a combined compromise solution, and the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison. Membership degree method was also employed to obtain the final optimal ranking of alternative materials from individual results of applied multi-criteria decision making methods. Besides, sensitivity analysis is done to validate reliability of the results and to determine the most critical evaluation criterion. The result of this study revealed that carbon fiber/epoxy laminate is the best alternative material.

A combination method for multi-criteria decision making problem in turning process

“…Using equation (31) to calculate the normalized matrix, the calculated results were presented in Table 18. Using equation (32) to calculate the normalized matrix with weight.…”

“…Fifthly, PIV is a method for multi-criteria decision making, firstly introduced in 2018 [7]. This method has been successfully applied in multi-criteria decision making in some cases, such as in the ranking and selection of E-learning sites [30], for the selection of materials to manufacture some parts of automobiles [31], for the selection of elements in logistics activities of the EU countries [32], for the selection of additives in a production process [33]. However, up to now, no studies have been found to apply this method for multi-criteria decision making in the turning process.…”

A New Hybrid LGPMBWM-PIV Method for Automotive Material Selection

“…Since, PIV is a newly developed method, the ranking results obtained from PIV method are compared with the ranks obtained with existing methods namely weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS), technique for order by preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), Evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS), Range of value (ROV) and Complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) method. The details of these methods can be found in literature [52][53][54][55][56][57]. The ranking results are shown in Table 9.…”

An intercriteria correlation model for sustainable automotive body material selection

“…Zhang et al (2017) applied the hybrid analytic network process (ANP) decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) (DEMATEL-ANP) and grey relational analysis (GRA) technique for selecting the green materials considering the economic, environmental, and physical properties as major input criteria. Wakeel et al (2020) applied best worst method and proximity indexed value method as a goal programming model. The hybrid method was used to select the possible material for manufacturing a complex automobile part for which F1 race car as advanced automotive its gearbox casing as sensitive part was used on the available alternative materials aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and carbon fiber/epoxy laminate.…”