Selective and Efficient Gold Extraction from E-Waste by Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids with Various N-Substituents

Liu, Xiaoxia; Wang, Yangyang; Liu, Ronghao; Lv, Panpan; Xue, Wenfeng; Jian-pin, Guo; Wei, Huiying; Yang, Yanzhao

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05455

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one type of coordination polymer materials. 6,7 Because of the adjustable pore structure, functional diversity of organic ligands, and a good many empty metal sites, MOF materials have a wide range of applications. 8 In recent years, MOF materials have been widely selected as proton conductors because of their superior structural properties, including large specific surface area, high porosity, and diverse structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, a large quantity of new coordination polymer materials with different structural functions have been discovered, and they have important breakthroughs in catalysis, sensing, adsorption, and proton exchange membranes 1–5 . Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are one type of coordination polymer materials 6,7 . Because of the adjustable pore structure, functional diversity of organic ligands, and a good many empty metal sites, MOF materials have a wide range of applications 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the proton conductivity of HKUST‐1 by hole expansion and ionic liquid introduction

Liu,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Applied Organom Chemis

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As a new type of proton conductor, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted much attention because of their superior properties over conventional materials, such as the modifiability of framework, reversibility of coordination bond, high specific surface area, and porosity. It is predicted that the proton conductivities of MOFs can be improved by hole expansion and ionic liquid introduction. In this work, HKUST‐1 and LP‐HKUST‐1 were prepared, which were filled with different proportions of N‐methylimidazole triflate (MIM‐CF3SO3) to prepare composite materials MIM‐CF3SO3@HKUST‐1‐100% and MIM‐CF3SO3@LP‐HKUST‐1‐x (x = 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). A total of seven kinds of materials were synthesized. The proton conductivities of all the materials at 75% RH were tested from 303 to 353 K. In this environment, MIM‐CF3SO3@LP‐HKUST‐1‐100% shows excellent proton conductivity (σ = 0.341 S·cm−1 at 353 K, 75% relatively humidity [RH]), being 7060 times that of HKUST‐1, and reaches the peak value of MOF family in recent years. Then, the conductivities of parts of the materials were tested in extreme environments, such as in high‐humidity environment (303–353 K, 100% RH), high‐temperature environment (373–423 K, N2 atmosphere), and low‐temperature environment (253–283 K, 75% RH). The results show that under all conditions above, the proton conductivity of MIM‐CF3SO3@LP‐HKUST‐1‐100% is the best, up to 0.341 S·cm−1 at 353 K and 75% RH, 0.179 S·cm−1 at 353 K and 100% RH, 1.31 × 10−3 S·cm−1 at 283 K and 75% RH, and 2.31 × 10−4 S·cm−1 at 423 K and N2 atmosphere, indicating that proton conductivity of HKUST‐1 is improved by hole expansion and ionic liquid introduction. Finally, the stability test showed that MIM‐CF3SO3@LP‐HKUST‐1‐100% was stable in all environments above. Moreover, the conductive mechanism of HKUST‐1 before and after introduction of ionic liquids was also discussed, providing a theoretical basis for the enhancement of proton conductivities of MOFs using ionic liquid introduction and hole expansion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the proton conductivity of HKUST‐1 by hole expansion and ionic liquid introduction

Liu,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Applied Organom Chemis

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“…In addition, acute exposure to gold can cause potential health problems in minors, including liver and kidney damage. , These factors make conventional mining a challenging method of gold extraction, especially given the dwindling natural supply of the metal . On the other hand, large-scale industrial production of gold-containing products has resulted in significant amounts of gold being released into the environment as electronic waste (e-waste), which is considered a valuable source of scrap gold . In addition to ores and e-waste, gold is also largely found in other secondary sources, such as wastewater and seawater, in which the gold content is diluted to concentrations below 10 μg·L –1 or 10 ng·L –1 . , However, these sources remain largely untapped as the effective, selective, and permanent recovery of such trace metals remain a difficult task that requires active research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Removal of Ultratrace Levels of Gold from Wastewater Using Sulfur-Rich Covalent Organic Frameworks

Abubakar,

Das,

Prakasam

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In view of the increasing global demand and consumption of gold, there is a growing need and effort to extract gold from alternative sources besides conventional mining, e.g., from water. This drive is mainly due to the potential benefits for the economy and the environment as these sources contain large quantities of the precious metal that can be utilized. Wastewater is one of these valuable sources in which the gold concentration can be in the ppb range. However, the effective selective recovery and recycling of ultratrace amounts of this metal remain a challenge. In this article, we describe the development of a covalent imine-based organic framework with pores containing thioanisole functional groups (TTASDFPs) formed by the condensation of a triazine-based triamine and an aromatic dialdehyde. The sulfur-functionalized pores served as effective chelating agents to bind Au3+ ions, as evidenced by the uptake of more than 99% of the 9 ppm Au3+ solution within 2 min. This is relatively fast kinetics compared with other adsorbents reported for gold adsorption. TTASDFP also showed a high removal capacity of 245 mg·g–1 and a clear selectivity toward gold ions. More importantly, the material can capture gold at concentrations as low as 1 ppb.

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“…Considering these various separation technologies, recent published applications of these on gold(III) processing included solvent extraction [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], precipitation [ 12 , 13 ], ion exchange [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], adsorption [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] and even polymer inclusion membranes [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Use of Pseudo-Protic Ionic Liquids to Extract Gold(III) from HCl Solutions

Robla

2023

IJMS

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Solvent extraction of gold(III) from HCl media using pseudo-protic ionic liquids (PPILs) dissolved in toluene as the extractant phase is investigated. Three PPILs are generated from the reaction of commercially available amines and 1 M HCl solution and named as pri-NH2H+Cl- (derived from the primary amine Primene 81R), sec-NHH+Cl− (derived from the secondary amine Amberlite LA2) and ter-NH+Cl− (derived from the tertiary amine Hostarex A327). In the above structures, -NH2H+Cl−, -NHH+Cl− and -NH+Cl− represented the active groups (anion exchangers) of the respective PPIL. In the case of gold(III) extraction, the experimental variables investigated included the equilibration time (2.5–30 min), temperature (20–60 °C), HCl concentrations (1–10 M) in the aqueous phase, gold(III) concentration (0.005–0.05 g/L) in this same phase, and PPILs concentrations in the organic phase. From the experimental data, and using the Specific Interaction Theory, the interaction coefficients (ε) for the pair AuCl4−, H+ are estimated for the systems involving the three PPILs. Gold(III) is recovered from the metal-loaded organic phases using sodium thiocyanate solutions, and from these, gold is finally recovered by the precipitation of zero-valent gold (ZVG) nanoparticles.

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Selective and Efficient Gold Extraction from E-Waste by Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids with Various N-Substituents

Cited by 28 publications

References 49 publications

Improving the proton conductivity of HKUST‐1 by hole expansion and ionic liquid introduction

Improving the proton conductivity of HKUST‐1 by hole expansion and ionic liquid introduction

Enhanced Removal of Ultratrace Levels of Gold from Wastewater Using Sulfur-Rich Covalent Organic Frameworks

On the Use of Pseudo-Protic Ionic Liquids to Extract Gold(III) from HCl Solutions

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