Selective nitrate removal from groundwater using a hybrid nanofiltration–reverse osmosis filtration scheme

Epsztein, Razi; Nir, Oded; Lahav, Ori; Green, Michal

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2015.05.010

Cited by 239 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Besides, most of the wells are open and poorly maintained which increases their susceptibility to anthropogenic pollutants. Nitrate, which is a key index of anthropogenic pollution according to Han et al (2014), can be removed from groundwater by Pur Purifier which achieved 92.3 % removal efficiency according to Sojobi et al (2015), through the use of nano-sized magnetite which achieved nitrate removal efficiency range of 67.3-79.1 % as mentioned by Cho et al (2015) and combination of nano-filtration and reverse osmosis as described by Epsztein et al (2015). The presence of lead (Pb) in both the borehole and well water samples is of health significance.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of groundwater quality in a rural community in North Central of Nigeria

Sojobi

2016

Environ Monit Assess

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Evaluation of water quality of nine boreholes and three open hand-dug wells in a rural community in North Central Nigeria revealed relative abundance of cations Na > k > Ca > Mg > Zn > Pb and anions Cl(-) > PO4(2-) > SO4(2-) > NO3(-) in the boreholes and cations Ca > Na > K > Mg > Pb and anions NO3(-) > PO4(2-) > SO4(2-) > Cl(-) in the wells. The major contaminants exceeding SON and WHO permissible limits were NO3(-) , Mg, TH, pH and Mg, Pb, TH, pH and DO in the wells and boreholes, respectively. They are attributable to anthropogenic sources such as domestic waste water and poor waste disposal and natural sources such as mineral dissolution from clayey aquifer which made the acidic groundwater unsuitable for consumption unless they are appropriately treated. Correlation studies revealed existence of three major mineral groups in the aquifer Ca-Fe group, Na-Mg group, Zn-K group, as well as a minor group Pb-group, and they determine the chemical composition of the groundwater and the ionic exchange between the groundwater and mineral-bearing clayey aquifer. In order to curb microbial contamination by Enterobacter aerogenes and Escherichia coli, it is recommended that proper latrines and drainages be provided while domesticated animals should be restricted from boreholes and well. Further, treatment with water guard and pur purifier is recommended.

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Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of groundwater quality in a rural community in North Central of Nigeria

Sojobi

2016

Environ Monit Assess

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“…We examined a NaNO 3 solution because in addition to the practical importance of removing Na + and Cl − ions from natural water in desalination, removing NO 3 − ions is also important for environmental and human health reasons. [33][34][35] Furthermore, our understanding of the transport mechanisms can be improved by examining different solutions for which the water treatment performance has been investigated experimentally. 23 In addition to the transport mechanisms, the effects of the structural flexibility of LC compounds and the electrostatic interactions on the mobility of water molecules and ions were also investigated by performing MD simulations for both solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport mechanisms of water molecules and ions in sub-nano channels of nanostructured water treatment liquid-crystalline membranes: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Nada

Sakamoto

Henmi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Membranes with sub-nano channels formed by self-organization of ionic liquid-crystalline (LC) compounds have great potential as water treatment membranes. In this study, the transport mechanisms of water molecules and ions in the sub-nano channels of the LC membranes are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations for NaCl and NaNO 3 solutions. The simulation results suggest that there are different transport mechanisms for water molecules and ions; the transport of water molecules occurs by Brownian diffusion, whereas that of ions occurs by jump diffusion between particular sites in the sub-nano channel. A free-energy landscape of an ion in the channel is analyzed using a metadynamics method, which indicates distinct local minima at particular sites and supports the jump diffusion mechanism. The effects of the LC compounds' structural flexibility and the electrostatic interaction with the wall of the sub-nano channels on the permeability of water molecules and ions are also investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Simulation results suggest both the structural flexibility and the electrostatic interaction, which are characteristics of the LC membranes, are important factors in determining the water treatment performance. The structural flexibility affects the permeability of the membrane to water molecules and the electrostatic interaction reduces the permeability to ions. 604 | Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2020, 6, 604-611This journal is † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Details of the simulation method, MD simulations of the bulk solutions, an example of the jump diffusion mechanism for Na + observed during the simulation, and the mobility of water molecules in a nonequilibrium MD simulation. See Recently, we developed liquid crystalline (LC) membranes with sub-nano channels formed by self-organization of thermotropic ionic LC compounds. The LC membranes have great potential as excellent water treat membranes. In this work, we elucidated the transport mechanisms of water molecules and ions in the LC membranes by molecular dynamics simulations. We also elucidated the effects of the structural flexibility and the electrostatic interaction, which are characteristics of the LC membranes, on the water treatment performance. The knowledge obtained in this work has great potential to realize the development of future LC membranes of which the performances to water treatment are significantly improved.

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“…Some conventional techniques are used to remove nitrate from water including biological processes (nitrification, denitrification) [2], zero-valent iron (Fe 0 ) [3,4] or magnesium (Mg 0 ) [5], electrokinetic denitrification [6], reverse osmosis [7], catalytic denitrification [8], ion exchange [9,10], and chemical reduction [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Nitrate onto ZnCl₂‐Modified Coconut Granular Activated Carbon: Kinetics, Characteristics, and Adsorption Dynamics

Liu

Wang

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Coconut granular activated carbon (CGAC) was modified by impregnating with ZnCl 2 solution to remove nitrate from aqueous solutions. Sorption isotherm and kinetic studies were carried out in a series of batch experiments. Nitrate adsorption of both ZnCl 2 -modified CGAC and CGAC fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Batch adsorption isotherms indicated that the maximum adsorption capacities of ZnCl 2 -modified CGAC and CGAC were calculated as 14.01 mgN·g −1 and 0.28 mgN·g −1 , respectively. e kinetic data obtained from batch experiments were well described by pseudo-second-order model. e column study was used to analyze the dynamic adsorption process. e highest bed adsorption capacity of 1.76 mgN·g −1 was obtained by 50 mgN·L −1 inlet nitrate concentration, 20 g adsorbents, and 10 ml·min −1 flow rate. e dynamic adsorption data were fitted well to the omas and Yoon-Nelson models with coefficients of correlation R 2 > 0.834 at different conditions. Surface characteristics and pore structures of CGAC and ZnCl 2 -modified CGAC were performed by SEM and EDAX and BET and indicated that ZnCl 2 had adhered to the surface of GAC after modified. Zeta potential, Raman spectra, and FTIR suggested the electrostatic attraction between the nitrate ions and positive charge. e results revealed that the mechanism of adsorption nitrate mainly depended on electrostatic attraction almost without any chemical interactions.

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Selective nitrate removal from groundwater using a hybrid nanofiltration–reverse osmosis filtration scheme

Cited by 239 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of groundwater quality in a rural community in North Central of Nigeria

Evaluation of groundwater quality in a rural community in North Central of Nigeria

Transport mechanisms of water molecules and ions in sub-nano channels of nanostructured water treatment liquid-crystalline membranes: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Adsorption of Nitrate onto ZnCl₂‐Modified Coconut Granular Activated Carbon: Kinetics, Characteristics, and Adsorption Dynamics

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Selective nitrate removal from groundwater using a hybrid nanofiltration–reverse osmosis filtration scheme

Cited by 239 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of groundwater quality in a rural community in North Central of Nigeria

Evaluation of groundwater quality in a rural community in North Central of Nigeria

Transport mechanisms of water molecules and ions in sub-nano channels of nanostructured water treatment liquid-crystalline membranes: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Adsorption of Nitrate onto ZnCl2‐Modified Coconut Granular Activated Carbon: Kinetics, Characteristics, and Adsorption Dynamics

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Adsorption of Nitrate onto ZnCl₂‐Modified Coconut Granular Activated Carbon: Kinetics, Characteristics, and Adsorption Dynamics