Selective Petroleum Refining Over a Zeolite Catalyst with Small Intracrystal Mesopores

Abstract

Vom Zeolith zerkleinert: Mesoporöse ZSM‐5‐Zeolithkatalysatoren (siehe TEM‐Bild), die mithilfe weicher Template erhalten wurden, weisen höhere Aktivitäten für das Cracken von Gasöl und bessere Produktselektivitäten als übliches ZSM‐5 auf. Große Kohlenwasserstoffe werden in den Mesoporen der Kristalle in Benzin‐ und Dieselmoleküle gespalten, die Umwandlung kleinerer Moleküle in Olefine findet in den Mikroporen des Netzwerks statt.

Hierarchical Mesoporous Zeolites: Direct Self‐Assembly Synthesis in a Conventional Surfactant Solution by Kinetic Control over the Zeolite Seed Formation

“…[20] Also, Park et al prepared MSU-MFI, with intracrystal mesopores of 2.2 and 5.2 nm, using silylated polypropylene oxide diamine and polyethylenimine polymers as templates. [21] Furthermore, stable single-unit-cell nanosheets of zeolite MFI were successfully fabricated with the specially designed and synthesized bifunctionalized agent C 22 H 45 -NA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (CH 3 ) 2 -C 6 H 12 -NA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (CH 3 ) 2 -C 6 H 13 (C 22-6-6 ), which possesses two quaternary ammonium groups spaced by a C 6 alkyl linkage and a long chain alkyl group (C 22 ) on the end.…”

Zeolite Y Crystals with Trimodal Porosity as Ideal Hydrocracking Catalysts

“…[13,14] With more-advanced techniques such as templating, small mesopores (2-10 nm) have been realized for zeolite ZSM-5. [10] However, in the latter cases large mesopores were absent and mass transfer limitation in the small mesopores may occur. Based on theoretical considerations it has been proposed that hierarchical pore networks will be optimal for zeolite catalysis.…”

“…[2] Methods to enhance molecular transport involve synthesis of zeolites with larger micropores (1-2 nm), [3] synthesis of nanosized zeolites (short micropores), [4,5] as well as the creation of mesopores (2-50 nm) in zeolite crystals using acid [6] or base [7,8] leaching, carbon templating, [9] or mesopore structure-directing agents. [10] Results for mesoporous zeolites have been focused largely on MFI type zeolites and have led exclusively to bimodal porosity, that is, micropores and mesopores. It has been argued several times that staged hierarchical porosity should be ideal in catalysis [11] but few examples [12] are known.…”

Spielt die Zeolithkatalyse in Bioraffinerien der Zukunft eine ähnlich große Rolle wie in der Erdölraffination?

“…Solche Katalysatoren haben eine gute Crack-Aktivität [55] und ergeben grçßeren Ausbeuten an niedermolekularen Olefinen und Koks. Solche Katalysatoren haben eine gute Crack-Aktivität [55] und ergeben grçßeren Ausbeuten an niedermolekularen Olefinen und Koks.…”