Selective separation of penicillin V from phenoxyacetic acid using liquid membranes

Selective removal of Gentamicin C1 from biosynthetic Gentamicins by facilitated pertraction for increasing antibiotic activity

“…The pertraction cell has been described in the previous papers and consists on a U-shaped glass pipe having an inner diameter of 45 mm and a total volume of 400 ml, the volume of each compartment being equal [13,16].…”

“…Commonly, liquid membranes can be obtained either by emulsification, when their stability is poor, or by including the solvent in a hydrophobic porous polymer matrix [10,11]. Moreover, the liquid membranes could be obtained using pertraction equipments of special construction, which allow to separate and easily maintain the three phases without adding surfactants (free liquid membranes) [12,13].…”

“…The pertraction efficiency and selectivity could be significantly enhanced by adding a carrier in liquid membrane, such as organophosphoric compounds, long chain amines or crown-ethers, etc., the separation process being called facilitated pertraction [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…Compared with the physical or reactive liquid-liquid extraction, the use of pertraction reduces the loss of solvent during the separation cycle, needs small quantity of solvent and carrier, owing to their continuous regeneration, and offers the possibility of solute transport against its concentration gradient, as long as the pH-gradient between the two aqueous phases is maintained [10][11][12][13]. On the basis of the previous investigations on the mechanism of Gentamicins reactive extraction and on the factors, which influence the efficiency and selectivity of separation, the aim of this paper is to study the possibility to selectively separate the Gentamicins from the biosynthetic mixture by facilitated pertraction with D2EHPA.…”

Separation of Biosynthetic Products by Pertraction

“…For this reason, the selective separation is required for obtaining beta-lactamic antibiotics with high purity. Although this operation is difficult by using conventional separation techniques due to the similar physical and chemical characteristics, the antibiotics can be selectively separated from their precursors by facilitated pertraction with Amberlite LA-2 in 1,2-dichloroethane (Cacaval et al, 2000). For Penicillin V, the experiments emphasized the major role of pH on the permeability through liquid membrane and selectivity of separation of this antibiotic from phenoxyacetic acid.…”