Selenium and lead: Mutual detoxifying effects

Rastogi, Suresh Chandra; Clausen, J.; Srivastava, K.C.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(76)90041-x

Cited by 70 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Selenium, as the selenite has been shown to protect against Pb toxicosis in some cases (2,3). Yet, in other cases Se had no effect (5) or increased Pb toxicosis (2), which was also demonstrated in this study.…”

Section: Effects Of Excess Dietary Selenitesupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of excess dietary selenite on lead toxicity in sheep

Mayland

Doyle²,

Sharma

1986

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The hypothesis that excess dietary selenite ameliorates lead (Pb) toxicosis in domestic sheep was tested. Twenty 6-8-yr-old ewes fed alfalfa pellets were assigned to the following treatments: (1) control; (2) 9.8 mg Pb/kg body weight (b.w.)/d as PbCO 3; (3) 3 mg Se/anirnal/d as Na2Se03.5H20; or (4) a combination of treatments 2 and 3. The gelatin-encapsulated salts were given orally. The study was terminated on d 104, by which time three animals in the Pb group and all five animals in the Pb + Se group had died. All remaining animals were slaughtered on d 104. Lead and Se concentrations were determined in six biweekly-collected blood samples and in soft tissues and bone. Sheep on the control and Se treatments had similar feed intakes, body weights, and tissue Pb levels. Those in the Pb + Se group had lower feed intake, but higher blood Pb values compared with the Pb group. Feeding either element increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of that element in blood, kidney, liver, spleen, and bone. Muscle-Pb concentrations were not affected (P < 0.05) by treatment. Selenium concentrations in kidney, liver, and muscle were greater (P < 0.05), whereas those in heart were less (P < 0.05) for the Pb + Se group than for the Se Group. Clinical signs associated with Pb toxicosis noted in other animals were not observed in the poisoned sheep in this study. Selenite did not protect sheep against Pb toxicity and likely served as a synergistic factor.

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Section: Effects Of Excess Dietary Selenitesupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of excess dietary selenite on lead toxicity in sheep

Mayland

Doyle²,

Sharma

1986

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Lead naphthenate may be absorbed through the skin giving rise to high lead values in workers who are using lubricants and greases, and gear oils (Van Peteghem and De Vos, 1974). Cutaneous application of lead naphthenate solution has been found to produce chronic lead toxicity in rats (Rastogi et al, 1976). In the present investigation, high levels of blood lead (mean 57-4 ,ug/100 ml, 2-77 ,umol/l) were found in mechanics, especially in the workshops where diesel engines were repaired.…”

Section: Range In Parenthesessupporting

confidence: 45%

Heavy metal pollution among autoworkers. I. Lead.

Clausen¹,

Rastogi²

1977

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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Lead pollution was evaluated in 216 individuals working in 10 garages on the Island of Funen, Denmark and related to data from biochemical and medical examinations. Clinical symptoms were recorded by means of a questionnaire. Increased blood lead levels were found in 59 %, with 9 % having above 80 ,g lead/100 ml (3-86 ,umol/l) whole blood. Mechanics in eight out of ten garages had significantly increased blood lead levels. A decrease in 8-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity was associated with increased blood lead levels but the latter were not related to haematological changes, tobacco consumption or to length of service in the trade. Particulate lead air pollution was not the sole cause of increased blood lead levels. Raised lead values were maximal among diesel engine workers who are exposed to high pressure-resistant lubricants containing lead naphthenate. As these workers complained of skin damage, lead absorption may have occurred through the skin. Assay of lead content showed 9290 ppm in gear oil and 1500-3500 ppm in used motor oils. The data are discussed in relation to the occupational risks in auto repair shops.The use of automobiles has increased during the last 25 years and the result has been a rising number of service stations and repair shops (autoworkshops). Furthermore, in Europe there has been an increase in the use of leaded petrol. Lead present in motor exhaust gases may be one of the major sources of environmental lead pollution (Danielson, 1967; Schroeder and Tipton, 1968; BarJtrop, 1969;Goyer, 1971;Hicks, 1972; Institute of Petroleum 1972;Goyer and Phyne, 1973). A population exposed to lead may have higher blood lead levels than an unexposed population (Ludwig et al., 1965; Department of Public Health, California, 1967;Thomas et al., 1967;Hammond, 1969).Subjective complaints from those employed in autoworkshops (autoworkers), mainly mechanics, led us to attempt a systematic occupational and epidemiological study of this group of workers. Although it is recognised that they are exposed to various types of hazardous chemicals, priority was given to lead because of the many sources of lead in this industry, for example lead in petrol and motor exhaust gas, lead-containing lubricants and grease

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“…Cerklewski and Forbes investigated the effect of low and high dietary selenium on toxicity of dietary lead in male rats and suggested that low dietary levels mildly protect against toxic effects of lead, but at high levels it exaggerates the lead toxicity 112) . Enzymatic activity of ALAD and Cytochrome P-450 in liver was normal in rats exposed concomitantly to selenium and lead 113) . We also suggested that oral administration of selenium could partly prevent lead toxicity during the course of simultaneous administration 114) .…”

Section: Seleniummentioning

confidence: 90%

Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Chronic Arsenic and Lead Poisoning

Kalia¹,

Flora²

2005

Journal of Occupational Health

269

161

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Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Arsenic and LeadPoisoning: Kiran Kalia, et al. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, IndiaExposure to toxic metals remains a widespread occupational and environmental problem in world. There have been a number of reports in the recent past suggesting an incidence of childhood lead poisoning and chronic arsenic poisoning due to contaminated drinking water in many areas of West Bengal in India and Bangladesh has become a national calamity. Low level metal exposure in humans is caused by air, food and water intake. Lead and arsenic generally interferes with a number of body functions such as the central nervous system (CNS), the haematopoietic system, liver and kidneys. Over the past few decades there has been growing awareness and concern that the toxic biochemical and functional effects are occurring at a lower level of metal exposure than those that produce overt clinical and pathological signs and symptoms. Despite many years of research, we are still far from an effective treatment of chronic plumbism and arsenicosis. Medical treatment of acute and chronic lead and arsenic toxicity is furnished by chelating agents. Chelating agents are organic compounds capable of linking together metal ions to form complex ring-like structures called chelates. They have been used clinically as antidotes for acute and chronic poisoning. 2, 3-dimercaprol (BAL) has long been the mainstay of chelation therapy for lead or arsenic poisoning. Meso 2, 3, -dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) has been tried successfully in animals as well as in a few cases of human lead and arsenic poisoning. DMSA could be a safe and effective method for treating lead or arsenic poisoning, but one of the major disadvantages of chelation with DMSA has been its Review inability to remove lead from the intracellular sites because of its lipophobic nature. Further, it does not provide protection in terms of clinical/ biochemical recovery. A new trend in chelation therapy is to use combined treatment. This includes the use of structurally different chelators or a combination of an adjuvant and a chelator to provide better clinical/ biochemical recovery in addition to lead mobilization. The present review article attempts to provide update information about the current strategies being adopted for a safe, effective and specific treatment for two major toxic metals or metalloid.

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Selenium and lead: Mutual detoxifying effects

Cited by 70 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of excess dietary selenite on lead toxicity in sheep

Effects of excess dietary selenite on lead toxicity in sheep

Heavy metal pollution among autoworkers. I. Lead.

Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Chronic Arsenic and Lead Poisoning

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