Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency

Abstract

Salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits crop production, especially under rainfed conditions. Selenium (Se), as an important micronutrient, plays a vital role in mitigating detrimental effects of different abiotic stresses. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of Se fertilization on black gram (Vigna mungo) under salt stress. Our results showed that salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in leaves significantly induced oxidative damage and caused a decline in relative water content, chlorophyll (Chl), stomatal conductance (gs), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), sucrose, and reducing sugars. A low dose of Se (1.5 ppm) significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide content, malondialdehyde formation, cell membrane damage, and also improved antioxidative enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase under salt stress. Se-treated plants exhibited higher Chl, gs, Fv/Fm, sucrose, and reducing sugars than untreated plants in response to salt stress. In addition, Se application enhanced Se uptake and reduced Na+ uptake, but Cl− remained unaffected. Our results indicated that a low dose of Se effectively alleviated salt damage via inhibition of Na+ uptake and enhanced antioxidant defense resulting in a significant decrease in oxidative damage, and maintained gaseous exchange and PS II function for sucrose and reducing sugars accumulation in black gram.

Investigation of Defensive Role of Silicon during Drought Stress Induced by Irrigation Capacity in Sugarcane: Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics

“…Melatonin, selenium (Se), and nitric oxide (NO) are considered to be involved in various stress responses such as biotic and abiotic stresses. ,− However, applying melatonin, Se, and NO as foliar spray and soil irrigation reduced the severity of stress-induced growth inhibition. It enhanced the maize plant’s resistance to water deficiency to promote the plant’s growth and development.…”

“…It enhanced the maize plant’s resistance to water deficiency to promote the plant’s growth and development. The enhancement in biomass accumulation and growth traits is endorsed to the improved carbon assimilation due to increased photosynthetic responses in treated plants. , The application of melatonin and Se mitigated water deficiency and significantly affected plant growth in kiwifruit, watermelon, pea, tomato, potato, and olive plants. ,,,− Exogenous application of melatonin, Se, and NO preserves photosynthetic pigments with improved leaf gas exchange and delayed senescence of leaves during stress conditions. ,,,, The optimum concentration of melatonin and Se improved the stomatal dynamics by enabling plants to reopen their stomata subjected to water stress in wheat, cucumber, malus, black gram, and maize, suggesting a significant role of melatonin and Se in stomatal regulation. ,,, Melatonin and Se treatment also resulted in an increased transpiration rate, possibly driven by the increased stomatal conductance to maintain a steady state of the photosynthetic CO 2 assimilation rate during stress. ,, …”

Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars

“…Abiotic stresses, such as heavy metals, drought, high temperature and salt stress, initially disrupt cell membrane integrity, resulting in increased membrane damage [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. EL is an imperative index in cell stress physiology and is used to evaluate the leakage of cell components.…”

Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis of Sugar Beet Reveals Different Mechanisms of Response to Neutral Salt and Alkaline Salt Stresses

“…Lipoxygenase catalyzes the oxygenation of linoleic acid (18:2), which is a key reaction in biosynthesis of plant oxylipins (Vellosillo et al, 2007). It is known that oxylipins have participated in stimulating plant defense gene expression, and play an important role in the adaptation of plants to adverse environments (Jalloul et al, 2002). In this study, the expression of two linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5 (LOC104890834; LOC104890829) was only down regulated in the roots of NS100, which may lead to decreasing the level of oxylipins and tolerance of sugar beet to high neutral salt stress.…”