Selenium: Biochemical Role as a Component of Glutathione Peroxidase

Rotruck, John T.; Pope, A. L.; Ganther, Howard E.; Swanson, Anne; Hafeman, Dean G.; Hoekstra, W. G.

doi:10.1126/science.179.4073.588

Cited by 6,837 publications

(2,992 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the early part of the 1970s, a specific biological role for Se became apparent with the discovery of the first selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px; Rotruck et al, 1973). GSH-Px catalyses the reduction of lipid and hydrogen peroxides to less harmful hydroxides via the oxidation and subsequent reduction of the selenocysteine (SeCys) active centre of the enzyme (Surai, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast or sodium selenite on selenium tissue distribution and meat quality in commercial-line turkeys

Juniper

Phipps

Bertin³

2011

Animal

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The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of total selenium (Se) and proportions of total Se comprised as selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) in the tissues of female turkeys offered diets containing graded additions of selenized-enriched yeast (SY), or sodium selenite (SS). Oxidative stability and tissue glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of breast and thigh muscle were assessed at 0 and 10 days post mortem. A total of 216 female turkey poults were enrolled in the study. A total of 24 birds were euthanized at the start of the study and samples of blood, breast, thigh, heart, liver, kidney and gizzard were collected for determination of total Se. Remaining birds were blocked by live weight and randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments (n 5 48 birds/treatment) that differed either in Se source (SY v. SS) or dose (Con [0.2 mg/kg total Se], SY-L and SS-L [0.3 mg/kg total Se as SY and SS, respectively] and SY-H [0.45 mg total Se/kg]). Following 42 and 84 days of treatment 24 birds per treatment were euthanized and samples of blood, breast, thigh, heart, liver, kidney and gizzard were retained for determination of total Se and the proportion of total Se comprised as SeMet or SeCys. Whole blood GSH-Px activity was determined at each time point. Tissue GSH-Px activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were determined in breast and thigh tissue at the end of the study. There were responses (P , 0.001) in all tissues to the graded addition of dietary Se, although rates of accumulation were highest in birds offered SY. There were notable differences between tissue types and treatments in the distribution of SeMet and SeCys, and the activity of tissue and erythrocyte GSH-Px (P , 0.05). SeCys was the predominant form of Se in visceral tissue and SeMet the predominant form in breast tissue. SeCys contents were greater in thigh when compared with breast tissue. Muscle tissue GSH-Px activities mirrored SeCys contents. Despite treatment differences in tissue GSH-Px activity, there were no effects of treatment on any meat quality parameter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast or sodium selenite on selenium tissue distribution and meat quality in commercial-line turkeys

Juniper

Phipps

Bertin³

2011

Animal

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“…Total SOD activity was assayed by measuring the absorbance at 560 nm (Ljutakova, 1984). GSH-Px activity was assessed by the method based on the reaction between the GSH which remained after the action of GSH-Px and 5,5 0 -dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid to form a complex with maximal absorbance at 412 nm (Rotruck et al, 1973). Lipid peroxidation was calculated by MDA production as measured by the spectrophotometric color produced during the reaction of the thiobarbituric acid with MDA at 532 nm (Agostinho et al, 1997).…”

Section: Biochemical Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation With Quercetin Attenuates 4‐Nitrophenol‐Induced Testicular Toxicity in Adult Male Mice

Wang

et al. 2013

The Anatomical Record

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The beneficial effects of quercetin on reproductive damage elicited by 4-nitrophenol (PNP) were studied in adult male mice. A six-week treatment of weekly intraperitoneal injections of PNP (50 mg/kg) resulted in severe damage to the seminiferous tubules, a remarkable increase in both hydroxyl radical and malondiadehyde production, and notably decreased glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. Moreover, PNP treatment induced germ cell apoptosis, inhibited Bcl-xl expression, and then activated Bax expression and the caspase-3 enzyme. Exposure to PNP also increased XBP-1 and HO-1 mRNAs levels. However, simultaneous supplementation with quercetin (75 mg/kg) attenuated the toxicity induced by PNP through renewal of the antioxidant enzyme's status, alleviating apoptosis by regulating the expressions of Bax and Bcl-xl, XBP-1 and HO-1mRNAs, and the regulation of caspase-3 activity. Taken together, these findings indicated that the antioxidant quercetin displays a potential preventive effect on PNP-induced oxidative damage in mouse testes and may represent an efficient supplement to attenuate reproductive toxicity from environmental toxicants in order to ensure reproductive health and sperm production.

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“…Catalase (CAT) activity was measured by following decomposition of H202 according to the method of Berr's and Sizer (17). Glutathione pemxidase (GSH-Px) was assayed by the method of Rotruck et al (18) using H202 as substrate.…”

Section: Indian Journal Of Clinica/ Biochemistry 2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant effect of methanolic extract ofSolanum nigrum berries on aspirin induced gastric mucosal injury

Jainu

Devi

2004

Indian J Clin Biochem

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The antiulcerogenic effects of the methanolic extract of Solanum nigrum berries (SBE) on aspirin induced ulceration in rats with respect to antioxidant status in the gastric mucosa have been investigated. Oxygen free radicals are considered to be important factors in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. The level of lipid peroxides, which were elevated highly in rats with acute gastric mucosal injury was taken as an index of oxidative stress .The activities of antioxidant defense enzymes were also decreased considerably by oral gastric adminisb'alJon of aspirin. The decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes and increased mucosal injury were altered to near normal status upon pretreatment with (SBE) when compared to the ulcer induced rats. The results indicate that (SBE) may exert its gastroprotective effect by a free radical scavenging action. Our observations suggest that (SBE) may have considerable therapeutic potential in the treabnent of gastric diseases.

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Selenium: Biochemical Role as a Component of Glutathione Peroxidase

Cited by 6,837 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of dietary supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast or sodium selenite on selenium tissue distribution and meat quality in commercial-line turkeys

Effect of dietary supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast or sodium selenite on selenium tissue distribution and meat quality in commercial-line turkeys

Supplementation With Quercetin Attenuates 4‐Nitrophenol‐Induced Testicular Toxicity in Adult Male Mice

Antioxidant effect of methanolic extract ofSolanum nigrum berries on aspirin induced gastric mucosal injury

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